摘要随着我国航空航天技术的发展，探索外太空的步伐逐渐加快。这就不断要求火箭发动机性能的提升，而火箭燃烧室是火箭发动机的核心组成，其性能好坏是决定发动机性能的关键。而在燃烧室中的材料要经受高温高压的双重考验，铜合金正是其主要应用材料，研究其组织缺陷对其研制和开发有着重要意义。87110

本课题中主要对火箭燃烧室的铜银锆合金进行偏析缺陷的观察与研究。通过对铸造好的试样进行切割后，用蔡司显微镜和扫描电镜对其微观组织进行观察，寻找偏析组织，并对其元素含量进行能谱分析，都出偏析的主要成分与微观形貌；同时利用显微硬度计对合金测试显微硬度，重点比对偏析组织与正常组织的硬度关系，分析其对合金综合性能的影响；结合铜银、铜锆、银锆二元相图和铜银锆三元相图分析偏析可能的形成原因，并提出适当的解决方法。

    试验表明：铜银锆合金的偏析组织分布广泛，偏析元素为银和锆；偏析沿晶界产生，并伴随疏松等缺陷，偏析组织形貌为空洞状的结构和细小的裂缝状组织，偏析使合金性能下降；锆与银产生银锆化合物是偏析的主要组成。

探讨了主要解决方法：热处理和采用先进的快速凝固技术和粉末冶金技术。

毕业论文关键词: 铜银锆合金；偏析；偏析形貌；形成机制

Abstract With the development of China's aerospace technology, the pace of exploration of outer space has gradually accelerated。This requires the improvement of rocket engine performance, and the rocket combustion chamber is the core component of the rocket engine, it’s performance is the key to determine the performance of the engine。In the combustion chamber of the material to withstand high temperature and high pressure of the double test, copper alloy is its main application materials, research and development of its organizational defects has important significance。

In this paper, the observation and research on the defect of the copper - silver - zirconium alloy in the rocket combustion chamber was carried out。 The samples of good casting by cutting, with a zeiss microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) on the microstructure were observed, looking for segregation, and the content of the elements of spectrum analysis, are a segregation of the main composition and the micro morphology; at the same time, the microhardness meter on the microhardness of alloy test, key comparison segregation tissue and normal tissue of the relation between the hardness and analysis its influence on the properties of the alloy; with silver, copper, copper, zirconium, zirconium silver binary phase diagram and silver copper zirconium ternary phase diagram analysis of segregation of possible causes, and propose appropriate solutions。

Test results show that the organization of segregation of Cu-Ag-Zr alloy are widely distributed, element segregation for silver and zirconium; segregation along grain boundaries, and with defects such as loose, segregation morphology for cavitary structure and small crack like organization, segregation, the properties of the alloy decreased; zirconium and silver produced silver zirconium compound is main composition segregation。

Discusses the main solutions: heat treatment and the use of advanced rapid solidification technology and powder metallurgy technology。

Key Words: Cu-Ag-Zr alloy;Segregation;Segregation morphology;Formation mechanism

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 引言 1

1。2 选题的理论意义和实用价值 1

1。2。1高强高导铜合金定义 1

1。2。2 火箭燃烧室材料的性能要求