有机硅阻燃木塑复合材料的制备及性能研究

菜单

摘要以二苯基二甲氧基硅烷和二甲基二甲氧基硅烷为原料，制备了甲基苯基聚硼硅氧烷，将该聚硼硅氧烷及其与纳米SiO2或聚磷酸铵（APP）复配阻燃剂应用到木塑复合材料（WPC）中制备了阻燃木塑复合材料，采用氧指数仪和锥形量热仪研究了阻燃剂对木塑复合材料阻燃性能的影响，同时考察了该阻燃木塑复合材料的力学性能。结果表明，聚硼硅氧烷对WPC的极限氧指数（LOI）影响不大，聚硼硅氧烷与APP的复合阻燃剂使WPC的LOI提高最明显。聚硼硅氧烷及其复配阻燃剂使木塑复合材料的热、CO2释放速率及质量损失率降低，但是提高了材料的烟、CO释放速率。总的来看，聚硼硅氧烷与SiO2或APP复配阻燃剂的阻燃效果优于单纯聚硼硅氧烷的阻燃效果，聚硼硅氧烷与APP复配对木塑复合材料的阻燃效果最好。聚硼硅氧烷及其复配阻燃剂显著提高了木塑复合材料的弯曲强度，对材料的拉伸强度影响不大，却降低了材料的冲击强度。44037

The methyl phenyl Polyborosiloxane flame retardant was prepared using diphenyldimethoxysilane and dimethyldimethoxysilane as the raw materials. The flame retardant wood-plastic composites were prepared by adding polyborosiloxane (PB), PB and APP composite flame retardant, PB and nano-SiO2 composite flame retardant to wood-plastic composites（WPC）respectively. The flame retardancy of the flame retardant WPC was studied by using limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimeter analysis. The mechanical properties of the flame retardant WPC were also investigated. It was found that the polyborosiloxane had little effect on LOI of the WPC. PB and APP composite flame retardants made the most obvious increase of the LOI of the WPC. The polyborosiloxane as well as its compound accompanied with SiO2 or APP reduce the release rate of the heat, CO2 and mass lose rate during the combustion of the WPC. However, they also increase the release rate of smoke and CO. In general, the composite flame retardant has better flame retardancy than single Polyborosiloxane, and the polyborosiloxane and APP binary flame retardant is the best. The polyborosiloxane and composite flame retardants significantly increase the flexural strength of the WPC, little effect the tensile strength, but decrease the impact strength.

毕业论文关键词：木塑复合材料;聚硼硅氧烷; 聚乙烯; 阻燃性能; 力学性能

Keyword: wood plastic composite, polyborosiloxane, polyethylene, flame retardancy，mechanical property.

摘要 3

1引言 6

2实验部分 6

2..1 实验原料 6

2..2 实验仪器 7

2.3 实验过程 7

2.3.1 甲基苯基聚硅硼氧烷的制备 6

2.3.2 木塑复合材料的制备 6

2.4 性能测试与表征 8

3 结果与讨论 8

3.1 极限氧指数分析 8

3.2 锥形量热仪分析 9

3.3 热失重分析 12

3.4 红外光谱分析 16

3.5木塑复合材料的炭层微观形貌 17

3.6 木塑材料的力学性能分析 17

4 结论 19

参考文献 20

1.引言

木塑复合材料指以PE、PP、PVC等热塑性材料为基体，与木质纤维经过一定处理后复合制备的一种高性能复合材料[1]。木塑复合材料也是一种新型绿色环保型的复合材料。然而，随着对木塑复合材料的研究进展，主要的原料组成已不局限于木材或木质材料，其他木质纤维素纤维材料也逐步进入木塑复合材料的研究领域[2]。于是，从广义上讲，木塑复合材料已成为以各类木质纤维素纤维材料的填料，与各种不同塑料复合而构成的一类新式复合材料。各类木质纤维素纤维材料和塑料有机结合，使木塑复合材料兼备了木质纤维素纤维材料的高强度和高弹性，又拥有塑料的高韧性和耐疲劳等一系列优点，是一种像木材又优于木材的新式代替木材料。现阶段，木塑复合材料已经广泛应用于建筑、包装、汽车、装潢、园林以及生活日用品等领域[3]。