摘要21 世纪以来，铝基复合材料特别是颗粒增强铝基复合材料技术的开发和应用十 分活跃。增强颗粒具有高熔点、高硬度、高弹性模量、较高抗弯强度和热稳定性，并 且与铝基体的相容性好等优点，对铝合金来说是理想的增强材料。颗粒增强铝基复合 材料在航空航天、汽车发动机、体育器材、精密仪表以及电子封装等方面有重要的应 用前景。79144

本试验将 Ti、B4C、Al 粉按一定的比例配成合金粉末，均匀混合后压制成块，使 其发生原位反应，来制备复合材料。研究原位反应过程中的热力学反应，计算不同温 度下 Ti、B4C、Al 反应得到各种不同产物，各反应过程的自由能及其与温度的变化关 系。

结果表明，合金体系原位反应可能生成的产物有 TiC、TiB2、Al3Ti 和 Al4C3 等， 生成 TiC 和 TiB2 的反应的自由能最低，在热力学上最稳定，所以进行合成反应的趋 势最大。分析验证复合材料中各相的含量与所配制的混合粉末基本相符。

通过热力学研究，适当控制反应温度及原料配比有助于减少脆性相的形成，提高 增强相颗粒 TiB2 和 TiC 的含量，达到更好的增强效果，使生成的复合材料更优质。 该研究为生产中制备出高效且无污染的复合材料提供理论指导。

毕业论文关键词：铝基复合材料 原位自生 热力学

Abstract During the 21st century, the aluminum matrix composites, especially particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites technology let hair and application is very active。 Reinforcing particles with high melting point, high hardness, high elastic modulus, high bending strength and thermal stability, and as well as good compatibility  with  the aluminum substrate, is an ideal reinforcing material for aluminum  alloy。  Particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites in aerospace, automobile engine, sports equipment, precision instrument, and has important application prospect of electronic packaging, etc。

This test will be Ti, B4C, Al powder alloy powder in certain proportion, mixing after pressed into pieces, make its in situ reaction, to the preparation of composite materials。 Reaction, in the process of in situ reaction thermodynamics calculation under different temperature Ti, B4C, Al reaction to get all sorts of different products, all the free energy of the reaction process and its relationship with the change in temperature。

The results show that the alloy system in situ reaction may generate the  product of TiC and TiB2, Al3Ti and Al4C3, TiC and TiB2 reaction free energy of the lowest, the most stable in thermodynamics, so for the trend of the synthetic reaction is the largest。 Analysis verify the content of each phase in the composites with the preparation of mixed powder。

Through study on thermodynamics, the proper control of reaction temperature and the ratio of raw material helps to reduce the formation of brittle, enhances phase particle content of TiB2 and TiC, achieve better enhancement effect, make the generated more high-quality composite materials。 The study was prepared for the production of efficient and pollution-free composite materials provide theoretical guidance。

Keywords: Aluminum matrix composites In situ authigenic thermodynamics

目 录

第 1 章 绪论 1

1。1  研究背景和意义 1

1。2  铝基复合材料 2

1。2。1 复合材料概述 2

1。2。2 金属基复合材料 4

1。2。3 铝基复合材料 6

1。3  增强体和工艺的选择