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摘要：本次毕业设计的任务是设计500吨土建式冷库，冷藏容量为500t，冻结能力为20t/日，一次冻结。采用氨直接蒸发制冷系统，冻结物冷藏间温度为-20℃，冻结间温度为-23℃。冷库建筑群通常由主库、制冷压缩机间、设备间、生产厂房以及办公、生活用房等组成，主库是冷库建筑群中的主体建筑。主库包括冷却间、冻结间、冷却物冷藏间、冻结物冷藏间、制冰间和冰库、气调保鲜间，穿堂以及站台。这次设计在运用所学知识计算出冷间负荷之后，根据合理利用能源的原则，因地制宜，在比较各种方案的可行性后，选择一个技术可靠、经济合理、管理方便的设计方案。最终确定方案为：采用氨系统活塞式制冷压缩机双级压缩，卧式壳管式冷凝器，液泵供液方式。根据负荷计算的结果依次选择冷凝器、油分离器等辅助设备。在完成设备选型后进行管道布置、机房布置等。23561
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毕业论文关键词：方案确定；负荷计算；选型计算；管道设计
Design for 500 Tons of Construction Type Cold Storage
Abstract: The graduation design task is to design 500 tons of construction type cold storage, cold storage capacity of 500t, freezing capacity of 20t a day, freezing only once. Direct evaporation refrigeration system using ammonia, frozen storage temperature of -20 ℃, freezing temperature of -23 ℃. Cold storage buildings usually is composed of main library, room of refrigerating compressor, the equipment room, factory, office, living rooms and other components, the main library is the main building in cold storage buildings. The main library includes chilling department, freezing room, cooling food storage room, frozen food storage room, ice making room and ice house, air conditioning preservation room, the hall and platform. After calculating cooling load in the use of the knowledge, according to the principle of rational utilization of energy, choose a reliable, cost effective, convenient design scheme in comparing various schemes. To finalize the program as follows: using ammonia system of piston type refrigeration compressor two-stage compression, vertical shell and tube condenser and direct liquid feed. according to the load calculation results, choose condenser, oil separator and other auxiliary equipment. And then, choose the pipeline and generator room layout.
Keywords: determining the scheme; load calculation; calculating to selection; pipeline design
目录
1引言 1
1.1关于制冷技术 1
1.1.1制冷技术概述 1
1.1.2制冷技术的发展 2
1.2冷库的分类和构成 3
1.2.1冷库的分类 3
1.2.2冷库的构成 3
1.2我国冷库的发展情况 5
1.3中国冷库建设的现状 5
1.4冷库功能与管理体制 6
1.5建造方式 6
1.6设计意义 6
2设计参数 7
2.1冷库的规格 7
2.2库房的平面布置 7
2.3气象水文条件 7
2.4设计要求 7
2.5图纸部分 8
3制冷方案的确定 9
3.1系统压缩级数及压缩机类型的确定 9
3.2制冷剂种类及冷凝器类型的确定 10
3.3制冷系统供液方式的确定 11
3.4冷间冷却方式的确定 11
3.5冷间冷却设备和融霜方式的确定 11
4库房负荷的计算 12
4.1围护结构的设计计算 12
4.1.1围护结构的传热系数 12
4.2冷库热负荷计算 18