摘要超滤法是一种根据液体中分子的大小与形态，在埃（10-8cm）数量级下的选择性过滤技术。超滤是一种将压力作为动力的膜分离技术，将大分子与小分子物质分离开。超滤是通过压力差来实现大小不同的物质分离的。通过给予一定的压力，使溶液中的小分子物质能够穿过滤膜的微孔，但大分子的物质却被膜给截留，从而使大分子物质与小分子物质分离，所以膜是超滤技术中的一个关键的部分。本课题主要是研究用超滤法处理染料废水。染料废水是当前的水体污染的主要污染源之一，对环境和人体都有极大的危害。因此，寻求有效的染料废水处理技术是社会各界都一直关注的课题。目前，中国染料产量已接近90万吨，染料废水已成为了环境污染的重点。各种各样的染料，染料行业所采用的工艺很复杂。废水中含有较多的有机物与盐，并且具有CODCr高，色度高，高酸碱度等特点，它一直是废水处理中的大难题。本课题针对染料废水以上等特点进行研究，采用超滤法来对染料废水进行处理，寻求最佳的处理方案，并初步探求不同条件下超滤法的处理效率和性能，找出最佳的超滤条件和操作参数，使超滤效果达到最好。87120

毕业论文关键词：超滤法；膜；染料废水

Abstract Ultrafiltration is a method based on the size and shape of the molecules in the liquid, selective filtering technique at angstroms orders of magnitude。 Ultrafiltration is a kind of membrane separation technology which takes the pressure as the driving force, the purpose is to make the separation of macromolecules and small molecules。 Ultrafiltration is the separation of membrane technology through the pressure to achieve。 Under a certain pressure, the small molecule solute and the solvent can pass through a membrane with a certain pore size。 However, the large molecules are left on the side of the membrane, so that large molecules are purified, so the membrane is a key part of ultrafiltration technology。 In this paper, we are mainly study the treatment of dye wastewater by ultrafiltration process。 Dye wastewater is one of the main pollution sources of water pollution, which has great harm to the environment and the human body。 Therefore, to understand and develop effective dyes and dyeing industrial wastewater treatment technology is the environmental protection industry has been the subject of concern。 At present, the dye production has been close to 900 thousand tons in china, the dye wastewater has become the focus of environmental pollution。 A variety of dyes, the dye industry is used in the process is very complex。 Wastewater containing more organic matter and salt, and has the characteristics of high CODCr, high chroma, high acid and alkali, it has been a major problem in wastewater treatment。 This paper in view of the above dye wastewater characteristics research, using the ultrafiltration method to dye wastewater treatment, seek the best solution, and initially explore the different conditions of ultrafiltration treatment efficiency and performance, find out the best ultrafiltration conditions and operating parameters, in order to achieve the best ultrafiltration effect。

Keywords: Ultrafiltration method; Membrane; Dye wastewater

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1研究背景 1

1。1。1染料废水的来源与现状 1

1。1。2染料废水的特点 2

1。1。3染料废水的危害 3

1。2国内外废水处理的现状与差异 4

1。2。1国内外废水处理的现状 4

1。2。2国内外存在的差异