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摘要近年来，爆炸恐怖袭击在全球呈蔓延之势，使用的多为梯恩梯、黑索今、硝铵炸药和烟火药等典型爆炸物，常见易得，造成的损失令人震惊。近年来，国家加大了对民用爆炸物品的管理力度，犯罪分子很难获得常规的爆炸物成品，因此，他们把目光投向自制烟火药剂，其原料来源广泛、制作工艺简单、起爆方式多样，甚至可以从烟花爆竹中直接拆取获得，密封在金属容器中，制作成简易的爆炸装置，将电池、金属丝等作为点火元件，达到爆炸杀伤和纵火的犯罪目的。在我国部分地区的恐怖爆炸案件中，使用频率越来越高，因此，研究烟火药的快速检测方法对于侦破爆炸案件，追查犯罪元凶意义十分重大。26336
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本文主要介绍了烟火药探测技术发展现状和方向，对目前应用较为成熟的几种检测技术进行深入分析，并设计制作了几种典型配方的烟火药，分别利用红外检测法、X射线光电子能谱法和化学点滴法，进行了实验验证，通过理论和实践相结合的方法，达到了对烟火药剂类危险品探测技术这一课题的掌握。
毕业论文关键词 烟火药剂类危险品,红外检测,化学点滴法,X射线光电子能谱。
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title The Detection Technologies of Fireworks agent types of Explosives
Abstract
In recent years, the explosive terrorist attacks are spreading around the world.Used for TNT and RDX, ammonium nitrate explosive, and fireworks medicine such as explosives, typical common accessible, the loss of shocking.In recent years, the country we intensified the efforts on the management of civil explosives, the criminals are hard to come by conventional explosives in finished products. So they look to homemade pyrotechnics, its raw material sources, simple manufacturing process, initiating way perse, even can be gained from the fireworks in the direct open and sealed in a metal container, made of improvised explosive devices, the battery, ignition components such as wire, achieve the explosive destruction and the criminal purpose of arson.In some parts of the terror explosion cases in our country, use frequency is higher and higher, therefore, the research of fireworks rapid detection method for crack explosion cases, significant importance to pursue crime culprits.
This article mainly introduced the fireworks drug detection technology development present situation and direction, the current application is relatively mature, analyzing several kinds of detecting technology of several typical formula design and produced a fireworks medicine, respectively, using infrared test, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and chemical drop method, experimental verification, by the method of combining theory and practice to the subject of pyrotechnics class detection technology of dangerous goods.
Keywords Fireworks agent types of explosives,IDE，chemical drop methods,XPS
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 爆炸物探测技术的发展现状和方向 2
1.3 本课题研究的思路和方法 3
2 烟火药剂类危险物品探测技术简介 4
2.1 离子色谱法 4
2.2 红外光谱法 4
2.3 毛细管电泳分析法 5
2.4 扫描电镜/能谱仪（SEM/EDX）法 6
2.5 X射线光电子能谱法（XPS） 6
2.6 X射线衍射法（XRD） 7
2.7 化学点滴分析法 7
3 自制烟火药检测实验 7
3.1 X射线光电子能谱法（XPS）检测烟火药 7
3.1.1 仪器与条件 7
3.1.2 实验材料 7
3.1.3 实验方法： 8