- 上一篇：钕（钆、钐）对镁合金表面钝化性能的影响
- 下一篇：高岭土的酶活性分析+文献综述
本毕业论文设计的特点是从厂区布置到车间生产过程，以及废料处理最大限度的简化生产，提高生产效率，并且使污染降到最小。
English design instruction
This design is entitled to an annual output of 1500 tons of plastic sheet plant process design, design technical requirements and parameters is with PVC resin and additives as raw material, the thickness of 0.3mm, width is greater than or equal to 1000 mm, color is white plastic sheet, mainly through inquiries, books, periodicals and other information to complete the design.
Extrusion molding is one of the important molding methods for plastic forming.Most of the thermoplastic can be processed with this method. The products made by extrusion are widely used in people's life and agriculture, construction, petrochemical machinery, national defense and other industrial sectors. Extrusion molding is carried out in the extruder, and the extruder is one of the important machines for plastic molding machine.
PVC rapid growth from the beginning of twentieth Century 30's.PVC accounted for 69% of the construction market is mainly plastic supply, pipe, fittings, siding, windows, fence and planking. Rigid PVC, especially the PVC transparent sheet, was generally optimistic about the packaging sector, considered to be one of the most ideal plastic packaging materials, obtained the very good development and application. Although in recent years due to the PVC plastic packaging materials in environmental adaptability exist some problems and other high-quality packaging with plastic sheet (such as the rise of polyester sheet), the production and application of PVC sheet by a greater impact, but it is used frequently, the most important packaging with one of the plastic sheet. Because of the good barrier property of plastic sheet, moisture, grease, better than the general strength of paperboard, not easy to deformation, so it can be used as a packaging material. In particular, many plastic sheets have good transparency, but also add the decorative effect. Plastic sheets can also serve as substrates for various signs. Therefore, the development of PVC sheet molding products promising.
The main contents of the design include formulation design, total process, screw and die parameters, material balance, energy balance, equipment selection, workshop layout, economic accounting and so on.. The first part is the introduction, introduces the development trend of plastic sheet, definition and classification, commonly used in the production of plastic sheet of plastication material, plastic sheet components, plastic sheet and advantages, the design should pay attention to the problem. Screw, including preparation before the determination of the formulation of the second part is the recipe design, mainly introduces the PVC sheet design and molding method, the first is to each formulation components with more expansion is presented. The formula of definition and classification, and the final choice and the reasons, and ultimately determine the production manufacturers, price, after the introduction of the plastic sheet forming method of classification and selection of extrusion molding, the third part of the total technology introduced the general process flow diagram, molding, extrusion machine screw and die design, auxiliary equipment,etc.the extruder screw and die design, die parameters calculation, twin-screw production capacity calculation, and so on. The fourth part of the equipment is through the consult books, online inquiries, according to the parameters of the selected device (e.g. extrusion machine, mixing machine, three roll machines equipment), the price of the option the right equipment, to form the final choice are given. The fifth part material balance to determine the annual production time, before forming feed quantity, extrusion machine units are calculated, and the calculation of the balance I and balance II in each step of the loss, the quantity of waste, scattered amount, eventually to form were summarized in this paper. Energy balance is mainly from the extrusion molding system and the energy in the nose calculated the energy loss and cooling water dosage, after the calculation of the amount of electricity consumption. The seventh part is the workshop process design, the planning of the workshop management and production organization, staffing, waste treatment. Economic accounting mainly from raw materials costs, packaging costs, depreciation of equipment, plant installation fee, plant utilities, the wages of the workers identified the total annual cost, and then work out enterprise management fees, profits, taxes, and finally determine the product sales price. And workshop layout, the main task of the design of the workshop is to plant and the flat, vertical structure, internal requirements, production equipment, instrumentation and electrical facilities according to the requirements of production process in space combination, layout, the layout is to meet the requirements of production process, operation, maintenance, installation and other, practical and economical, covers an area of small, tidy and beautiful.