摘要为了去除水中臭氧消毒的副产物溴酸盐，本文制备了一种负载钯催化剂，用催化加氢技术将溴酸根离子还原为无毒的溴离子。以γ-聚谷氨酸钠为碳源，用水热合成法将碳包裹到四氧化三铁表面，制得碳载磁性材料Fe3O4@C(MFC)作为催化剂的载体。然后通过硼氢化钠作为还原剂，将钯负载到载体上，合成催化剂Pd/MFC。材料的各项表征结果显示，合成的催化剂粒径小，分散性好，钯在载体表面分散均匀。采用紫外分光光度法测定水中溴酸盐含量，得到溴酸根离子线性回归方程为A=1。1011c+0。488。通过催化还原溴酸钾的实验检测催化剂的催化性能，得到一小时内溴酸根去除率高达92%。我们还发现由于磁性材料作载体，该催化剂能够循环利用，并且一小时内溴酸根去除率在循环5次后仍有80%以上。76973

毕业论文关键词  溴酸盐  催化加氢  磁性材料  钯催化剂 

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title  Preparation and Performance Study of Palladium-based Catalysts of high dispersion and magnetic recovery

Abstract In order to remove ozone disinfection byproduct bromate in water, a kind of supported Palladium catalyst was prepared and used to reduce bromate into non-toxic bromide through catalytic hydrogenation technology。 Carbon loaded magnetic materials Fe3O4@C(MFC) were prepared as the carrier of catalysts through using gamma-polyglutamic acid sodium as carbon source and wrapping Fe3O4 surface with carbon by hydrothermal synthesis method。 Then the catalysts Pd/MFC were prepared through loading Pd into the carrier with sodium borohydride as reductant。 Characterization results revealed that the catalysts synthesized had small particle size as well as good dispersion and Pd dispersed evenly on the surface of the carrier。 UV spectrophotometry was used to determine the bromate content in water and the linear regression equation of bromate was obtained for A=1。1011c+0。488。 Bromate removal rate was up to 92% per hour through the catalytic reduction testing of bromate。 Besides, it was found that the catalysts could be recycled as the carrier was magnetic and after 5 loops the removal rate still remained over 80%。

Keywords  Bromate  Catalytic hydrogenation  Magnetic materials  Palladium catalyst

目   次

1  绪论 1

1。1  溴酸盐的来源、危害及治理 1

1。1。1  溴酸盐的来源 1

1。1。2  溴酸盐的危害 2

1。1。3  溴酸盐的治理 3

1。2  钯催化体系 3

1。2。1  钯的结构与性质 3

1。2。2  钯催化反应机理 4

1。3  催化剂载体 4

1。3。1  载体 4

1。3。2  磁性材料Fe3O4@C 5

1。4  选题意义及内容 5

1。4。1  选题意义 5

1。4。2  选题内容 5

2  Pd/MFC催化剂的制备实验 7

2。1  前言 7

2。2  实验试剂及仪器 7

2。3  催化剂的制备 8

2。3。1  催化剂载体—Fe3O4@C磁性材料的制备