摘要激光雕刻技术是信息世界的一种新型的激光加工工艺，对提高产品的生产质 量和劳动力的生产率、实现加工过程中的完全自动化、消除原始雕刻的污染、减 少所需雕刻材料方面的消耗等方面的作用越来越重要[1]。激光雕刻主要利用激光 对工件的光化学效应、溶蚀效应和汽化效应来实现。激光雕刻广泛应用于汽车、 半导体元器件、家用电器、器具等的文字、图案的标记中，能够部分代替传统的 雕刻技术。随着激光雕刻机的进一步发展，便捷性、通用性强和成本低廉的激光 雕刻机控制系统是未来激光雕刻的主要研发方向。84856

本文是对激光雕刻机展开系统研究，设计了一种基于开源硬件的激光雕刻 机。根据雕刻机的加工原理和工作过程，以及机械结构，通过分析不同种类的开 源硬件的功能、特点和成本，结合实际情况提出了已开源硬件 Arduino uno r3 为主控制板的激光雕刻机控制系统的设计方案。主控制板具有控制激光雕刻机的 运动系统和激光头的功能，个人计算机端作为辅助设备用于设计、处理加工图形、 处理图形文件。主控制板与个人计算机之间通过 usb 接口传输数据。本次设计的 硬件结构，选用了 Arduino uno r3 为主控制板，采用了 arduino cnc shield V3 扩展板作为对主控制板的扩展和补充。采用 A4988 步进电机作为驱动模块。继电 器作为电子控制器件。开发了个人计算机软件用于辅助。辅助软件包括文件读写 模块、交互绘图模块、文件编辑模块、文件处理模块以及辅助控制模块。最后对 辅助软件和控制系统进行了调试，用以验证激光雕刻机控制系统的图形编辑、运 动控制等功能的正确性。

毕业论文关键字 激光雕刻；Arduino uno r3

Abstract Laser carving technology is the information a new laser processing technology, to improve product quality and labor productivity, automatic processing, eliminate the pollution of the original sculpture, reduce the need for carving material  consumption of more and more important。 Laser engraving mainly uses the laser to realize the photochemical effect, the dissolution effect and the vaporization effect of the work piece。 Laser engraving is widely used in automobile, semiconductor components, household appliances, appliances, and other characters, patterns of the mark, can replace the traditional part of the carving technology。 With the further development of laser engraving machine, the laser engraving machine control system, which is convenient, versatile, and low cost, is the main research direction of laser engraving in the future。

In this paper, a laser engraving machine based on the open source hardware is designed。 According to the machining principle and working process of the engraving machine, as well as the mechanical structure, through the analysis of the different kinds of open source hardware function, characteristics and cost,  combined  with actual situation has been proposed open-source Arduino hardware uno  R3  main control plate laser engraving machine control system design。 The main control board has the function of controlling the motion system and the laser head of the laser engraving machine, and the personal computer terminal is used as an auxiliary device for designing, processing and processing graphics。 Transfer data between the master control board and the personal computer through the USB interface。The design of the hardware structure, the use of uno R3 Arduino based control board, using the CNC shield V3 Arduino expansion board as the main control board expansion and supplement。 Using A4988 stepping motor as driving module。 Relay as electronic control device。Personal computer software is developed to assist。 The auxiliary software includes the file reading and writing module, the interactive drawing module, the document editing module, the document processing module and the auxiliary control module。In the end, the auxiliary software and control system are debugged,