五轴立式加工中心总体布局及主轴部件设计+CAD图纸
立式加工中心主要由主轴组件、回转工作台、移动工作台、刀库及自动换刀装置以及其它机械功能部件组成。本文所采用的结构是五轴立式加工中心，其中的主轴组件是加工中心重要的组成部分，其运动性能直接影响机床加工精度与表面粗糙度。本文在查阅大量国内外文献的基础上，通过研究分析不同加工中心主轴组件的性能，综合地比较了其特点，并拟定了一个较为合理的主轴组件结构方案。同时，还就主轴、轴承以及丝杠等重要零件的机械性能进行了探讨，并对这些零件的刚度和强度进行了校核。此外，本设计中所采用的陶瓷轴承能有效地增加主轴的刚度，从而提高了加工中心的可靠性和稳定性。
毕业论文关键词：立式加工中心，数控机床，电主轴组件
Abstract
The five axis vertical machining center is one kind of synthesis machining ability strong numerical control machining equipment, the five axis vertical machining center collect a variety of machining function at a suit, work piece after a fixture of all kinds of small complex components can perform a variety of machining and five-axis complex surface machining.
Machining centers are equipped with spindle units, rotary workbench, moving workbench, tool magazines and automatic tool changers, and other mechanical function components. Spindle unit is the important motion part of the metal cutting machine tool. Its movement behavior affects the machining accuracy and surface roughness of part to be machined. Through referring to a variety of technical literatures, the characteristics of some kinds of spindle units are compared with each other based on analysis and research work on different machining centers. A reasonable scheme can be studied out. Meanwhile, the mechanical behaviors of principle parts such as the spindle, bearings and lead screw are discussed. Their rigidity and strength are calculated and examined here. Morever, a kind of advanced ceramic bearings is introduced into the spindle unit, which can effectively enhance the rigidity of spindle units. They will improve the reliability and stability of machining centers.
Key words：Five axis machining center，NC machine tool，spindle unit
目 录
1 引言 1
1.1 题目来源与分析 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3课题研究的意义 2
1.4文献综述 3
1.4.1五轴联动加工中心总体结构概述 3
1.4.2 五轴联动加工中心主轴设计概述 3
1.5国内外发展情况 5
1.5.1国外发展现状 5
1.5.2国内发展现状 6
2 立式加工中心总体布局方案设计 8
2.1立式加工中心的结构组成 8
2.2立式五轴高速加工中心主要结构形式 10
2.3 立式加工中心主要性能参数 11
2.4 立式加工中心主要性能参数 12
2.5 立式加工中心总体布局方案比较 13
2.6 立式五轴高速加工中心总体结构布局 14
3 立式加工中心主轴部件结构设计 18
3.1 电主轴的工作原理 18
3.2 电主轴的主要参数 19
3.3 电主轴轴的设计 19
3.3.1 电主轴材料的选择 19
3.3.2轴的结构设计 22
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