摘要管壳式换热器属于众多换热设备中的一种，它的结构简单，制造成本不高 , 所 以被大规模的应用到了工业生产过程中。采用单弓形折流板的管壳式换热器,壳程流 体由于受到折流板的阻挡,在折流板迎风侧迅速改变流向,垂直冲击换热管,加速通过 折流板缺口绕过折流板,呈 Z 字型在壳程流动,有利于强化换热。但是,由于折流板的阻 挡,使壳程压降增大,而且在折流板背风侧形成低速滞流区,导致局部热量不能被及移 影响换热器换热效果。83516

本次的课题研究，主要是通过 Gambit 软件建立简化的管壳式换热器的三维模型。 管壳式换热器流体的传热与流动是相当复杂的一个过程,我们采用商用 CFD 软件 Fluent 进行数值模拟。

通过数值模拟发现，折流板对换热器的换热性能有很大的影响。可以减小折流板 的间距，减小折流板的缺口高度来强化传热。同时，通过增大壳程和管程的进口流速 也可以对管壳式换热器进行优化。但是，因为强化传热与各种参数都有直接的联系， 所以通过改变某一变量来强化传热具有很大的局限性。

毕业论文关键词：管壳式换热器；Fluent；传热；数值模拟；

Abstract Tube shell type heat exchanger is one kind of many heat exchange equipment, its structure is simple, the production cost is not high, so it is widely used in the industrial production process。The single segmental baffle plate of the shell and tube heat exchanger, shell side fluid due to block of the by the baffle plate, fold in the flow  plate  on the windward side of the rapid changes in the flow, vertical impact heat  transfer  tube, accelerate through the flow plate gap bypass baffle, a Z-shaped flows in the shell side, for enhancing heat transfer。But due to block of the baffle, the shell side pressure drop increases, and the flow on the lee side of plate form a low-speed stagnation region, leading to the local heat can not be transferred in time, affecting the change heat exchanger heat transfer effect。

This research, mainly through the Gambit software to establish a simplified three-dimensional model of shell and tube heat exchanger。 The heat transfer and flow of the tube shell heat exchanger is a very complicated process, we use the commercial Fluent software CFD to carry on the numerical simulatio。

By numerical simulation, has a great influence on the heat transfer performance of baffle heat exchanger。 The gap height of the baffle plate can be  changed  to enhance the heat transfer。n order to change the spacing of baffle plate, the notch height of baffle plate is enhanced to enhance heat transfer。 At the same time, the shell and tube heat exchanger can be optimized by changing the inlet velocity of the shell and tube。 However, there is a direct link between heat transfer enhancement and various parameters, so it is very significant to enhance heat transfer by changing a variable。

Kewords：Shell and tube heat exchanger; Fluent; Heat transfer; Numerical simulation;

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 管壳式换热器概述 1

1。2 本课题研究的目的和意义 1

1。3 管壳式换热器数值模拟的情况 3

1。3。1 国外研究情况 3

1。3。2 国内研究情况 4

1。4 管壳式换热器强化传热的潜力 5

1。5 本课题主要研究的内容 5

第二章 管壳式换热器数值模拟的理论基础 7