蚯蚓堆肥复合基质在烟草育苗上的应用
毕业论文关键词：蚯蚓堆肥；基质；烟草；育苗
Application of Vermicompost Substrate on Tobacco Seedling
Abstract: In order to study the effect of vermicompost substrate on tobacco seedling, vermicompost, peat, perlite and vermiculite of different volume ratios (0:6:2:2, 1.5:4.5:2:2, 3:3:2:2, 4.5:1.5: 2:2) were mixed as different types of seedling substrate (V0, V15, V30, V45) for tobacco seedling experiment, and a kind of conventional seedling substrate(CK) was introduced as a comparison. The result showed that the addition of different proportions of vermicompost was better than that of the CK group, tobacco emergence rate, bioaccumulation, the aboveground growth indexes and the underground growth indexes showed an increase before the decrease trend. The formula with 30% vermicompost showed the best performance, compared with the result of conventional substrate, whose emergence rate improved 48.44%, leaf area improved 34.65%, chlorophyll content improved 13.47%, root volume improved 37.78% and root tips improved 20.48%. In conclusion, substrate with appropriate vermicompost can obviously stimulate the growth and improve the quality of tobacco, and 30% vermicompost (V30) had the most favorable performance.
Key words: Vermicompost; Substrate; Tobacco; Seedling
目 录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 1
引言 2
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 试验地点与材料 2
1.2 试验设计 3
1.3 测定指标与方法 3
1.4 数据分析 4
2 结果与分析 4
2.1 蚯蚓堆肥基质理化性质分析 4
2.2 蚯蚓堆肥基质对植株出苗率的影响 4
2.3 蚯蚓堆肥基质对植株生物量的影响 5
2.4 蚯蚓堆肥基质对幼苗地上部生长的影响 5
2.5 蚯蚓堆肥基质对幼苗地下部生长的影响 6
3 讨论 7
致谢 7
参考文献 8
蚯蚓堆肥复合基质在烟草育苗上的应用
引言
育苗是作物生产的关键环节，直接影响产品的产量与质量。当前耕地面积的减少使得作物育苗、栽培与环境之间的矛盾日益突出，穴盘育苗因其具有节能、生产效率高、秧苗素质好、成活率高等优点而受到重视。育苗基质作为穴盘育苗中作物生长发育的场所，其良好的理化性质是培育优质植物幼苗的保障。
烟草是全球重要的经济作物，健壮的烟苗是保证烟草产量和产值的基础。烟草育苗目前以漂浮育苗技术为主要方式，其基质的选择是此技术的重要环节。同土壤一样，漂浮育苗基质除了具有固定和支持植株的功能外，更重要的是高效中转营养液中的水分和养分[ ]。目前烟草市场上所用的育苗基质主要是泥炭，但其成本高、且是不可再生资源，过度开采已经使湿地遭到严重破坏，寻找泥炭替代品成为当前烟草育苗的重点。目前泥炭替代基质有玉米秸秆、椰壳、蔗渣、稻壳等农业生产废弃物；牛粪、猪粪、鸡粪、蚯蚓粪等畜禽粪便；煤渣、矿渣、木屑等工业废弃物；陶土、页岩、风化石等特殊材料[ ]。但由于基质来源具有局限性，加之自身质量的不稳定性，目前尚未替代泥炭基质大规模投入使用。因此，适应不同地域、环境、品种，同时满足成本低、效果好、环保的基质仍是烟草育苗基质选择的目标。