摘要:以‘红颊’草莓为实验材料观察其瘦果(种子)发育特点。田间自然授粉后,取不同时期的种子(瘦果),制作石蜡切片,观察草莓胚和胚乳的发育过程。结果如下:和大部分双子叶植物一样,随着果实种子横纵径的变大,胚的发育先后经历:合子→二细胞原胚(授粉后9天)→球形胚(授粉后12天)→心形胚(授粉后15天)→鱼雷形胚(授粉后18天)→成熟胚(授粉后21天)等6个发育阶段;胚乳发育先后经过了初生胚乳核(授粉后6天)→胚乳游离核(授粉后15天)→胚乳细胞(授粉后18天)→胚乳逐渐被胚吸收(授粉后21天)发育阶段。同时,草莓果实以及种子(瘦果)纵径长度在授粉后3-6天时间段内增长最快,横径长度在授粉后9-12天内增长最快。37996 毕业论文关键词:草莓;胚;胚乳;发育研究
The Fragaria Χ ananassa Duch. ‘Benihoppe’ strawberry seed (achene) development anatomical structure observation
Abstract: The material used for this experiment is the Fragaria Χ ananassa Duch‘Benihoppe’strawberry,after the pollination in the field, the seeds(achene) of different periods were prepared and the paraffin sections were made to observe the development process of strawberry embryo and endosperm.The results are as follows: the development type of the embryo is the purple garden, which like most dicotyledons, successively passed: zygote→the embryo of two cells(9 days after pollination)→ globular embryo(12 days after pollination)→ the blastocyte of the heart(15 days after pollination)→the torpedo shaped embryo(18 days after pollination) →the mature embryos(21 days after pollination).The endosperm development process is: the newly born endosperm nucleus(6 days after pollination) → free endosperm nuclei(15 days after pollination) → endosperm cells(18 days after pollination) → endosperm absorbed by the embryo(21 days after pollination).At the same time, the length of the vertical diameter of strawberry fruit (edible part )and seed 3-6 days after pollination,the diameter of the length increases fastest and in the 9-12 days after pollination, the diameter of the length increases fastest.
Key words: strawberry;embryo;The endosperm;Development research
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