摘要在浙江仙居俞坑自然保护区内，通过实地踏查，选择了一些有代表性的群落，设置了6个面积为900㎡（30m×30m）的常绿阔叶林样地，并设置小样方对样地内的乔木层、灌木层和草本层进行群落学的样方调查。通过计算各个样方植物乔木层的重要值，将括苍山常绿落叶林分为6种群落类型：青冈林、甜槠-马尾松林、浙江樟林、短尾柯林、红楠-拟赤杨林和甜槠-青冈林。该森林常绿阔叶林的群落中，植物种类以常绿阔叶树种为主，落叶阔叶成分也有一定比例，各样地植物种类十分丰富，组成很不一致，相似度低，且优势种不明显。俞坑保护区森林植被群落垂直结构复杂，分层明显，多分为乔木层、灌木丛和草本层，层间植物复杂且多样。群落乔木层物种单一，各样地间多样性指数的实测值变幅不大，蕨类和薹草植物优势度明显，乔木层各优势种群的分布格局多呈随机分布或均匀分布，乔木层又多分为二至三个亚层。显示出了亚热带常绿阔叶林的特点。44113

Abstract

In the Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Xianju Yukeng, We set up six area of 900 square meters(30m×30m) evergreen broad-leaf forest plots through field survey, select representative community to do quadrat survey by Community of plots within the Arbor、shrub and herb layers. By calculating the Important Value of each plots’ plant, The evergreen and deciduous forest of Yukeng Nature Reserve was pided into 6 community types: Cyclobalanopsis glauca community、Castanopsis eyrei - Pinus massoniana community、Cinnamomum chekiangense community、Machilus thunbergii - Alniphyllum fortunei community、Lithocarpus brevicaudatus community、Castanopsis eyrei - Cyclobalanopsis glauca community. Plant species in the forest of evergreen broad-leaf forest communities are mainly evergreen broad-leaved species, deciduous broad-leaf species also have a certain percentage. Plant species in plots are very rich, compositions are also very inconsistent, the similarity is low, and the dominant species is not obvious. The vertical structure of the community is complex, and it’s stratification is obvious. Tree layer species in community is single. The persity index of each kind of the measuring value changed little. The dominance of Ferns and Carex is obvious. The distribution pattern of the dominant populations of each tree layer mostly showed random distribution or uniform distribution. The interlayer plant species are persity, it shows the characteristics of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest.

毕业论文关键词：乔木层； 物种组成； 物种多样性； 常绿阔叶林

Keyword: Arbor layer；Species composition；Species persity；Evergreen broad-leaf forest

目    录

    引言·4

1. 自然概况·4

2.  研究方法·4

2.1 样地设置·4

2.2 样地调查·5

2.3 数据分析·5

3. 结果与分析5

3.1 各样地的物种组成·6

3.2 物种多样性分析6

3.3 各样地间的比较7

4. 结语·7

    参考文献·8

致谢·8

引言

对保护生物多样性的研究是当前生物学研究的热门领域之一。对于保护生物学这一兼顾理论和应用实际的综合性学科，其热点问题之一就是对珍稀物种的保护研究，这同时也是生物多样性研究的重要内容[1]。我们都知道，环境和资源是人类赖以生存甚至发展的物质基础，因此它的重要性不言而喻。而常绿阔叶林不仅面积大、分布广、类型多样，而且物种资源丰富，生物多样性高。它是地球上形成亿年的重要基因库，更具有维持全球性碳循环的平衡、保护区域生态环境和人类的可持续发展等重要作用。