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反应机理金属复氢化物具有四氢铝离子（AlH4-）或四氢硼离子（BH4-）的复盐结构，具有亲核性，可向羰基中带正电的碳原子进攻，继而发生氢负离子转移而进行还原。
特点：
A. 反应时分子中存在的硝基、氰基、亚氨基、双键、卤素等可不受影响
B. 对α，β-不饱和醛酮的还原，可使用氰基硼氢化钠或氢化二异丁基铝，
如：9-硼双环-壬烷。
本实验即选用硼氢化钠（NaBH4）作反应剂对醛基进行还原，产物为醇。
醛、酮的羰基都能被还原成醇羟基，也可以被彻底还原为亚甲基。反应条件不同，还原产物也不同。不同的醛、酮可根据实际情况采用不同的还原剂进行还原反应。
硼氢化钠或硼氢化钾（NaBH4,KBH4）是较缓和的负氢还原剂，它可以还原醛、酮，而且有较好的反应活性和较高的选择性，控制反应条件可以只还原醛、酮的羰基而不影响其它官能团[24]。LiAlH4和NaBH4或KBH4虽然都是高活性的负氢型还原剂，但对于有空间位阻的酮的还原，有立体选择性。
参考文献
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