探究牛顿第二定律的实验研究+文献综述
关键词：牛顿第二定律；实验；气垫导轨 ；数字化实验
Experimental Study of Newton's Second Law Exploration
Abstract: There are a lot of kinds of verification experiments on Newton's Second Law and the request of accurate degree on the proof the laws is also different for students of different layers. Though there many complicated sources of error on this experiment, there are variety of physics scientific methods in the experiment, Therefore, the experimental ideas and sources of the error on the verification of Newton's second law have been analyzed and discussed in this paper. It can be roughly summarized three types of verification experiment on the basis of force on the car in the experiment. Firstly, can be tested through the provide tensile of small wedge that is hanged; secondly, can be verified through the provide tensile of gravity difference of the system; thirdly can be verified through the component of car's own gravity along the inclined plane, their respective characteristics can be analyzed, can the results can provide some references for the students who firstly contact with the test, and make some improvements in high school physics.
Key Words: The second laws of Newton; Experiment; Air track; The digital experiment
目 录
摘要 1
引言 2
1.实验原理 2
2.牛顿第二定律的一般验证实验 2
2.1通过悬挂小物块提供拉力来验证 2
2.2系统重力差提供拉力来验证 5
2.3用小车自身的重力沿斜面的分量提供拉力来验证 6
3.对牛顿第二定律验证实验的改善 7
4.结束语 11
参考文献 12
附录 13
附录1: 纸带法验证牛顿第二定律 13
附录2: 利用气垫导轨验证牛顿第二定律 15
附录3: 数字化智能探究实验报告 19
致谢 22
探究牛顿第二定律的实验研究
引言
随着新课程理念的不断深入和素质教育的开展，对学生能力的培养已经成为中学教育中主要的内容之一，对物理学科来说，实验是提高学生素质的有效途径。牛顿第二定律是经典力学的核心内容，因而对其的验证实验与科学探究也成了高中生必须掌握的实验，而这个实验的重要目的是对学生控制变量思想的培养。由于牛顿第二定律已经建立了三百多年，所以对其的验证实验也有很多种。接下来将对牛顿第二定律的不同实验进行探讨，找出它们的优缺点，为即将成为高中物理教师的大四学生们的教学提供一点准备！
1. 实验原理
物体加速度的大小跟物体受到的作用力成正比，跟物体的质量成反比，加速度的方向跟合外力的方向相同，数学表达式为： 。式中 为物体的质量，F为物体所受的合外力， 表示物体在F作用下产生的加速度。
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