摘要：目前中国农村每年产生大量农业废弃物，其中大多数都是被浪费掉，只有少数被使用，而这些少数中的大部分利用率非常低，这就要求我们从技术上进行改进。本次实验选取豆壳、玉米秸秆为实验原料进行研究，为了了解豆壳和玉米秸秆在不同催化剂和不同升温速率条件下的热解特性，本文采用非等温热重-差热分析法，在HCT-1/2型热重-差热分析仪上进行试验。实验原料经过充分干燥，催化剂经过1mol/L的HCl处理；实验升温速率分别为10℃/min，20℃/min，40℃/min。实验研究表明：这两种生物质的热解经历了四个阶段，分别是失水、快速热解、缓慢热解、碳化。随着升温速率提高，生物质的热解曲线会偏向高温区，这两种生物质均在第二阶段的最大失重速率降低，热流速率增大；碱性催化剂同样对生物质的热解具有催化作用，在5%的添加比例下热解生成的焦炭量最大，然而，随着浓度的增加，它阻碍了生物质颗粒之间内外的传热过程，影响生物质中挥发分的析出。61933

毕业论文关键词：农业废弃物；热解；催化剂；升温速率

Study on the Characteristics of Slow Pyrolysis of Agricultural Waste

Abstract: At present,a large number of rural agricultural waste is produced in China every year, most of which are being wasted, only a few are used, and these few most of utilization is very low, which requires us to improve technically.This experiment selected bean hull and corn stalk as raw materials was studied, in order to understand the shell beans and corn straw in different catalyst and different heating rates under the conditions of pyrolysis characteristics. In this paper, the non isothermal thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, in HCT-1/2 thermogravimetric differential thermal analyzer to test.. Experiment a sufficiently dried raw material, the catalyst after treatment with HCl 1mol / L of; Experimental heating rate was 10 ℃ / min, 20 ℃ / min, 40 ℃ / min. Experimental studies have shown that Both pyrolysis of biomass has gone through four stages, namely dehydration, fast pyrolysis, slow pyrolysis, carbonization. With the heating rate increase，Biomass pyrolysis curve will favor high-temperature region, both biomass were maximum weight loss rate of the second phase of the reduced heat flow rate increases; The same basic catalyst biomass pyrolysis catalyze,The amount of coke added in the proportion of 5% of the maximum pyrolysis,However, with increasing concentration, which hinders the process of heat transfer between the inside and outside of the biomass particles, the impact of volatile raw material precipitation.

Keywords: agricultural wastes; pyrolysis; catalyst; heating rate

1.  绪论 1

1.1  课题研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1 中国农业废弃物 1

1.1.2 农业废弃物利用 1

1.1.3 生物质资源利用的意义 2

1.2  课题研究目的和内容 3

2. 生物质能简介 5

2.1 生物质能概念及特点 5

2.1.1 秸轩主要成分 5

2.1.2 生物质能的特点 5

2.2 生物质热利用技术介绍 6

2.2.1 我国秸秆利用现状和存在的主要问题 6

2.2.2 生物质热利用技术 7

2.3 生物质国内外利用现状 8

2.3.1 国外研究现状