摘要环境辐射本底测量是环境质量考察的重要参考依据,目前测量本底的方法是:选取一个远离城区的区域,以单个区域测得的放射性水平数据作为整个城市的天然放射性本底水平。但由于每个城市远离城区的区域不止一个,可能存在多个符合条件的待选区域,各个待选区域测得的数据有可能不一致。所以本研究的主要工作就是探讨任意的待选区域所测得的本底值是否可以代表整个城市的天然放射性本底水平。其中涉及土壤采集和预处理方法、H P G e γ谱仪系统分析原理和方法以及软件使用方法。最后通过概率与统计的相关知识比较所测得的比活度数据。结果发现待选区域中罡杨村的核素比活度明显偏高,已经高出平均值的30%,其数据不能作为泰州市的本底数据。74279
毕业论文关键词:土壤采集与预处理 本地测量 H P G e γ谱仪系统分析 比活度测量
外文摘要
Title Study on the bAckground value of regional environmental Radiation
AbstrAct Environment radiation bAckground measurement is to inspect the quality of the environment an important reference, at present at the bottom of the measuring method is: selects a without anthropogenic pollution area, in a single area measuring the radioActivity level data as the city's natural radioActive bAckground level。 But because there is no more than one area in eAch city, there may be a number of eligible areas, and the measured data in eAch area may not be consistent。 So the main task of this study is to investigate whether the bAckground values measured in any selected area can represent the level of natural radioActivity bAckground of the whole city。 Soil sampling and pretreatment method, P G e H gamma spectrometer system analysis principle and method, and software use method。 Finally, specific data through the knowledge of probaBility and statistics to compare the measured。It was found to be elected regional Gang Yang Cun of radionuclide specific activity is significantly higher, has been higher than 30% of the average value, the data cannot be as Taizhou City in the bottom of the data。
Keywords Soil sampling and pretreatment BAckground measurement
H P G e γ Spectrometer system analysis Ac measurement
目录
第一章 绪论 1
1 研究背景 1
1。1 研究意义 1
2 γ能谱测量分析方法 5
2。1 放射性基本理论 5
2。1。1 放射性衰变 5
2。1。2 放射性核素 5
2。1。3 γ射线仪器谱 6
2。2 γ能谱仪原理 6
3 本论文拟采用方法 7
第二章 土壤样品测量与分析 9
1 土壤样品采集与制备 9
1。1 土壤样品采集 9
1。2 土壤样品预处理 9
2 土壤样品的测量 9
3 数据处理 10
3。1初始数据处理 10
4。2样品活度计算方法