1。2。3 Trauma brought to females by male characters 

  Obviously, male characters play a vital role in the two poor girls’ life, especially the two fathers。 Both Leon and Cholly make their daughters feel painful。 In Bone, three male characters from different generations, not protagonists though, represent the three bitter developing stages of immigrated Chinese in American contributing a lot in expressing writer’s pursuit for Chinese American identity and cultural identity of nation。 By analyzing how these characters come into being, it is easier to know Chinese American identity crisis and the relationship between man and woman to get close to male’s inner world and understand their deep-seated pain and confusion so that the future life and space of Chinese American would be clear。 (J。 Y。 Jiang & Y。 H。 Zhang, 2009) Among these three men, Leon, as Ona' father is rather more special。 Fae Myenne Ng made the image of the father Leon quite different from his predecessors in Chinese American literature。 The fathers in other books used to be incompetent or indifferent。 Although, to a large extent, Ona' s death was caused by Leon who has dated symbol, he has been always staying with his kids。 The story reveals that the acknowledgement and inheritance of history, tolerance and love could not only dispel the conflicts between different generations and different genders, but also extend the living space of the inpidual。 (L。 Zhang, 2012)

  As for The Bluest Eye, six male characters created by Morrison can be classified into three types。 The first type tries to intimate the white while the second has psychological personality extremely distorted and the third one is to escape from reality to exile themselves。 By creating these black males, Morrison intends to put forward that African American should have the courage to carry forward the national culture tradition and never follow the follow the main stream blindly。 Otherwise, they will lose in self exile and beat to death。 (Hu, 2013)