摘要预计到2050年，世界能源需求将翻番甚至增加两倍，由于全世界人口的增加和发展中国家的经济扩张。能源和碳循环已经是所有地球生命的必需品。提高能效，清洁能源等能源探索的消费和生产的所有方面都是我们所必须了解与掌握的，同样碳资源、生物质、废弃物和碳资源的全球化也需要我们关注，比如说气候和自然资源与它们之间的关系问题。所以说能源和碳循环给环境方面带来了巨大挑战，尽管能源和碳循环是经济社会发展所必须依赖的。综合上述现象与观点，未来发展风力发电肯定是时代的必需品。86055

海上风电发展呈现以下鲜明的特点和要求：首先它的容量在逐渐扩大，其次它的并网要求越来越标准化，而且距离海岸越来越远。要满足这些特点，海上风电场建模设计将会困难重重。同样，在电气系统方面也有显著的特点与区别，大规模海上风电场和传统的电厂相比。

本文首先对一些海上风力发电系统构建了数学模型，比如说风速、风轮、发电机的系统，还有传动机构、和风力发电有关联的一些电力电子系统。然后介绍了一些海上并网的原理及工作过程。其次给出了海上风电场等值建模优化算法之遗传算法，并基于此算法详述了海上风电场等值建模的基本步骤。最后分析了海上风力发电机组的控制技术，主要是发电机变速和变桨距控制，而且通过使用 MATLAB 软件来对系统进行变桨距控制和高于额定风速和低于额定风速时的变速风力发电系统进行了仿真。

毕业论文关键词：海上风力发电机组；遗传算法；控制系统；MATLAB软件；系统仿真 ；

ABSTRACT It is expected that by 2050, the world energy demand will double or even increased two times, due to the increase of the world's population and developing economic expansion。 Energy and carbon cycle is all life on earth。 The necessities of improving energy efficiency, clean energy production and consumption of energy exploration all aspects are what we must understand and grasp。 The same carbon resources, biomass, waste and carbon resources globalization also need our attention, such as the relationship between climate and natural resources with them。 So the energy and carbon cycle has brought a huge challenge to the environment, although the energy and carbon cycle is must rely on economic and social development。 The above phenomenon and point of view the future, the development of wind power generation is certainly era necessity。

Compared to the offshore wind power development demonstrates the expansion of a single wind farm capacity and the requirements of the grid standardization, increasing distance offshore, which to the offshore wind farm modeling design bring great challenges。 And conventional power plants, large-scale offshore wind farm electrical system has distinct characteristics and requirements。

This paper constructs the mathematical model of wind power generation system, such as wind speed, wind turbine, generator system, and transmission mechanism, some power electronic systems associated with wind power。 And then introduces the principle and working process of some grid。 Then gives the offshore wind farm equivalent modeling algorithm and genetic algorithm。 Based on this algorithm describes the basic steps of offshore wind farm equivalent modeling was analyzed。 Finally the control technology of wind turbine, is the main generator of variable speed and pitch control, and through the use of MATLAB software to the system of variable pitch control and variable speed wind power generation system is higher than the rated wind speed and below the rated wind speed is simulated。

Keywords: Offshore wind turbine; Genetic algorithm；Control system; MATLAB software; System simulation;

目录