摘要:近年来,海洋权益及海洋环境保护问题日益突出,水面无人艇(USV)作为信息化及智能化的产物,可以广泛应用于环保监测、科研勘察、海域测绘、水面救援、海面巡逻乃至军事应用领域,其研究受到了许多学者的广泛关注。
而随着海洋科学技术的发展,对水面无人艇釆用常规单一的协同控制方法难以取得理想的控制效果,多个水面无人艇协同合作可以完成单一个体无法完成的任务。因此,研究多个水面无人艇的协同目标跟踪控制问题,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文对于多无人艇协同目标跟踪问题进行了系统的研究,主要进行了以下研究工作:
第一,调研相关资料,熟悉国内外多无人艇协同发展的现状;第二,介绍了在本论文中涉及到的基本知识,包括图论知识、符号定义以及坐
标之间的转换。然后建立单个欠驱动水面无人艇运动数学模型,方便后文对无人艇进行理论研究。
第三,研究了欠驱动无人艇路径跟踪问题,采用可视距原理(LOS)设计出多无人艇协同目标跟踪控制器,使得多个欠驱动无人艇在控制器的作用下能够跟踪并最终稳定在预定的参考路径上[1];
第四,为实现欠驱动无人艇在洋流外界干扰下的路径跟踪控制,提出一种基于积分型LOS的协同控制算法;
第五,对算法进行MATLAB软件仿真,验证其有效性。
关键词:欠驱动水面无人艇;数学模型;协同目标跟踪算法;可视距
Abstract:Recent years, the problem of marine rights and marine environmental protection has become increasingly obvious. The Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) can be widely used in environmental protection monitoring, scientific investigation and sea surveying, surfac e rescue sea patrol and even military application. Field, its research has been the concern of many scholars.
But with the development of marine science and technology, it is difficult to achieve the ideal control effect on the Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) by using the conventional single control method, and the Multiple-Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) can perform more difficult tasks that cannot be performed by a single one. Hence, it is of great theoretical and practical value to study the cooperative target tracking control problem of Multip le- Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV).In this paper, the problem of cooperative target tracking for multiple USV is systematically studied, and the following research work is carried out:
First, research related information and familiar with the domestic and foreign Multip le- Unmanned Surface Vehicle development of the cooperative target tracking .
Second, we introduce the basic knowledge involved in this paper, including the theory of graph theory, the definition of symbols and the conversion between coordinates. And then establish a mathematical model of a single underactuated surface unmanned aerial motion to facilitate the theoretical study of USV.
Thirdly, we study the problem of unmanned trajectory tracking, and use the Line-of- Sight (LOS) principle to design a Multiple-Unmanned Surface Vehicle target path tracking controller, which is designed to drive the underactuated ships to follow and stabilize onto the desired reference path.