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摘要电能是人类生产、生活中必不可少的重要组成部分。故障测距技术作为确保电力系统稳定和安全运行的重要保障，一直是电力行业研究的重点。本文首先从各个方面对输电线路故障测距的存在意义、发展状况以及基本要求进行了分析阐述。按照输电线路测距算法所运用的基本思路把目前存在且普遍使用的的测距算法进行了分类，包括行波法、阻抗法、故障分析法和智能法，对现存基本算法的理论背景以及使用条件开展了论述、分析、比较，对各种定位算法的优势和劣势进行了比较深入的讨论和归纳，同时总结出了各定位测距算法的使用范围以及限制方面。然后重点研究了现代行波测距原理，其中介绍了行波测距法的一些基本概念，分析了行波的反射和折射形成的原因、特点、计算以及波的衰弱和变形。对行波进行了比较细致的研究，有助于我们了解改善行波测距的方法。通过介绍现代行波测距方法以及对几种方法的比较，总结出了单、双端测距的优缺点，有助于我们更好的运用到实际的故障测距中。最后，选取了双端测距法进行了MATLAB仿真。39876
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毕业论文关键词: 输电线路 故障测距 电力系统 仿真
Abstract Electricity is indispensable an important part of human production and living. Fault location technology as an important part to ensure the safe operation of the power system stability and security has been focusing in the study of electric power industry. Firstly, this article analyzes the existence of transmission line fault location, significance, development situation and the basic requirements from all aspects. And according to the transmission line distance measurement algorithm by using the basic idea of the existing algorithms are classified, which can be roughly pided into traveling wave method, impedance method, fault analysis and intelligent method, and then the theoretical basis and application condition of various algorithms used by carried on the elaboration and analysis, comparison and discussion, and on this basis, summarized the advantages of the localization algorithm is obtained and the existing problems, and summarizes the positioning range using scope and limitations of the algorithm. Afterwards, focusing on modern traveling wave distance measuring principle, which is detailed introduced some basic concepts of the traveling wave ranging method, analyzes the formation cause of reflection and refraction of traveling wave, weak and deformation characteristics，calculation and wave. Compares the wave and meticulous research, helps us to understand the improvement of the traveling wave ranging method. Through the introduction of modern traveling wave ranging method, and the comparison of several methods for, summed up the disadvantages of the single and double side location， help us to better applied to the actual fault location. Finally, this thesis I selected the end-to-end distance measurement method to simulation using MATLAB simulink.
Key words: Transmission line Fault location Power system Simulation
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题背景与意义 1
1.1.1 输电线路故障测距的背景 1
1.1.2 输电线路故障测距的意义 1
1.1.3 输电线路故障测距研究的发展现状 2
1.2 关于线路故障测距基本的要求及方法 2
1.2.1 故障测距的基本要求 2
1.2.2 故障测距的方法 3
1.3 常用方法综述 5
1.4 本文的主要工作 6
2 现代行波测距原理 7
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