摘要恒功率负载在船舶电力系统中的使用很广泛，而其又具有高阻抗特性，易引起系统的不稳定。所以研究恒功率负载的稳定性具有非常的意义。

在本文中介绍了恒功率负载的国内外的研究及背景，从船舶电力系统的电源结构出发，探索了一些电力系统的重要参数。对恒功率的负阻抗特性深入分析，说明了影响系统不稳定的因素。然后选取DC/DC转化器作为恒功率负载特例，利用simulink中的元器件对其进行仿真，建立恒功率负载模型。又将同步发电机作为船舶电力系统主发电机来构建模型，在Simulink中形成完整的电力体系。最后分别对系统中最重要的发电机和励磁系统进行分析，构建仿真模型及其参数，对恒功率负载的机械特性进行分析，构建了同步发电机带动恒功率负载在不同工况下运行的仿真模型。着重研究了电力系统在恒功率负载启动、突加、突减和短路等不同情况下，船舶电力系统的恒功率负载两端电压电流的变化情况，验证系统是否达到稳定要求。经过反复研究，分析了系统稳定性的因素，为船用电力系统带恒功率负载的设计提供了实验依据。86061

毕业论文关键词：船舶电力系统；同步发电机；恒功率负载（CPL）；稳定性仿真

Abstract The constant power load is widely used in the ship power system， and it has high impedance characteristic， which is easy to cause the instability of the system。 So it is very significant to study the stability of constant power load。 In this paper， the domestic and foreign research and background of constant power load is introduced， and the important parameters of some power system are explored from the power structure of the ship power system。 The negative impedance characteristic of constant power is analyzed deeply， and the factors that affect the stability of the system are explained。 Then select DC / DC converter is the special case of constant power loads， carries on the simulation using Simulink components， the establishment of constant power load model。 The synchronous generator is used as the main generator of the ship power system to build the model， and a complete power system is formed in the Simulink。 Finally the system is one of the most important generator and excitation system analysis， build simulation model and its parameters， through the analysis and realization method on mechanical properties of constant power load， in order to build a synchronous generator driving constant power loads simulation model running in different conditions。 Focuses on the power system in the constant power load start， sudden， anticlimax and short circuit under different conditions， ship power system of the constant power loads at both ends of the voltage and current changes， whether to meet the requirement of stability。 After repeated research， uncovered the factors of the stability of the system。 Later the ship power system with constant power load design for paving。

Keywords: shipboard power system；synchronous generator；constant power loads(CPL)；simulation

目  录

第一章 绪论-3

   1。1 选题的背景与研究目的和意义-3

   1。2 国内外研究现状及存在的问题-3

  1。3 本文主要研究内容4

   1。4 研究方法、步骤和措施5

第二章船舶电力系统

  2。1 船舶电力系统的组成结构-6

   2。2 船舶电力系统的分类-7

   2。3 船舶电力系统的基本参数-7

第三章恒功率负载及其实现

   3。1 恒电压负载特性-9

  3。2 恒功率负载特性-9

  3。3 DC/DC恒功率变换器11

   3。4 buck电路工作原理-11