摘要太阳能作为新兴能源，储量丰富、绿色环保，有着化石能源无法比拟的优点。但是，就目前情况来看，太阳能利用率偏低，因此，提高太阳能利用率有着至关重要的意义。

本文主要对太阳自动跟踪系统进行了研究。首先，本文在论述课题的研究现状及意义基础上，介绍了光电跟踪及太阳运动轨迹跟踪的一维跟踪和二维跟踪；其次，给出了太阳高度角及方位角的计算方法，设计了太阳方位放大电路、光强放大电路、外部时钟电路、步进电机控制电路及单片机外部控制电路等电路，用multisim对电路进行了仿真，并用protel99se画了相应的原理图及PCB图；最后，介绍了太阳自动跟踪主程序框图、太阳运动轨迹跟踪程序框图及光电跟踪程序框图。65541

毕业论文关键词：  太阳能、单片机、四象限光电传感器、太阳运动轨迹跟踪

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title    Design of automatic tracking system of solar                     

Abstract

As an emerging energy, solar energy is abundant and environmental and  has the advantages that fossil energy does not have. However, the current situation is that the rate of solar energy utilization is low, therefore, improving the utilization of solar energy has important significance.

This paper focuses on the automatic solar tracking system. Firstly, , this paper introduces the photoelectric tracking and the solar trajectory tracking of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional tracking based on the present situation and significance of research. Secondly, it presents the method of solar altitude angle and the azimuth angle, the sun azimuth amplifying circuit, light amplifying circuit, the external clock circuit, stepper motor control circuit and MCU external control circuit. The simulation is carried out on the circuit with Multisim, and uses Protel99SE to draw the schematic diagram and PCB diagram . Finally, this paper introduces the automatic solar tracking of main program and block diagram and the flow chart of photoelectric tracking.

Keywords : solar power   single-chip   four-quadrant photoelectric sensors  

          Sun trajectory tracking

目    录

目    录 II

1  引言 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.2 研究现状 1

2  系统总体设计 5

2.1 系统方案设计 5

2.3 具体器件选择 8

2.4 本章小结 13

3  硬件设计及实现 14

3.1 太阳方位检测模块 14

3.2 太阳光强检测模块 16

3.3 外部时钟模块 17

3.4 微处理器控制模块 18

3.5 步进电机控制模块 20

3.6 本章小结 22

4  软件设计及实现 23

4.1 太阳自动跟踪主程序的设计 23

4.2 太阳运动轨迹跟踪程序