摘要随着空间技术的迅猛发展，航天器越来越多地采用由若干个挠性附件组成。这类挠性系统模态率一般较低, 阻尼较小,受外界扰动后其振动衰减需很长时间。严重影响航天器的正常工作。因此，需要对航天器挠性结构的振动测量和控制进行研究。67501

本文以一套柔性梁系统为研究对象。并对挠性结构振动的测量问题展开研究。振动测量可以采用机器视觉方法，这是一种非接触式测量，测量范围宽，不会改变被测物的振动特性，且能多点测量。利用 CCD 相机直接检测柔性梁末端，通过快速图像处理方法提取振动信息，保证系统实时性，获取柔性梁末端的实时振动位移。进行信号处理获取柔性梁振动的低阶模态频率。

在 Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 开发环境下编写操作界面，跟 CCD 相机以及柔性结构装置组合成一套基于视觉的柔性结构振动测量实验平台，能够对柔性结构进行振动测量并实时地在人机交互界面显示。

毕业论文关键词：智能柔性结构；机器视觉；振动测量；CCD；边沿检测

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Vision-based vibration measurement of flexible        structure 

Abstract

With the rapid development of space technology, Spacecrafts increasingly use a number of flexible attachments. This kind of flexible system modal rate is generally low, damping is small, after the attenuation of vibration with external disturbances is take a long time, has seriously affected the normal work of the spacecraft. Therefore, we need to research on spacecraft vibration measurement and control of flexible structure.

In this paper, a set of flexible beam system as the research object. And flexible structure vibration measurement issues research The method of machine vision can be used to vibration measurement, which is a non-contact measurement, wide measuring range, does not change the vibration characteristics of the measured object, and can multi-point measure. Directly detected the end of the flexible beam by the CCD camera, by fast image processing to extract vibration information, to ensure real-time system, and get real-time flexible beam tip vibration displacement. Signal processing for flexible beam is used to acquire low frequencies of vibration. 

In Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 development environment to develop the user interface, as well as a flexible structure with a CCD camera device combined into a vision-based vibration measurement of the flexible structure experiment platform, and vibration measurement of the flexible structure can be displayed in real time on the user interface.

Keywords  smart flexible structure  machine vision  vibration measurement  CCD   edge detection

目   次

1  绪论 1

1.1  课题研究的背景和意义 1

1.2  国内外发展动向 2

1.2.1  智能材料结构的研究 2

1.2.2  智能结构振动测量 3

1.3  本文研究的主要内容 4

2  柔性结构振动测量系统构成 5

2.1  机器视觉振动测量系统 5

2.2  CCD 相机 6

2.2.1  CCD 器件型号选择 6

2.2.2  相机的标定 7

2.3  本章小结 10

3  柔性结构振动信息提取及分析