To provide an overall picture of interlanguage researches abroad, two major research aspects of interlanguage will be reviewed briefly: interlanguage and pragmatics as well as interlanguage and error analysis。 

a。 Combination with pragmatics 

Pragmatics studies of interlanguage came into being in 1979。 A thorough comprehension of the requirements of the target language has a great impact on the second language learning (Satomi, 2005)。 Selinker is more concerned about the latent psychological structure which is able to explain the language system of the language learners, compared to the speech act theories (Cai Jinting, 2003:31)。 

b。 Combination with error analysis 

As a branch of applied linguistics, error analysis made its first appearance by the end of the 1960s。 There are researches analyzing errors made in spoken or written English。 It’s believed that error analysis reveals the general rules of language learning by concentrating on the language learners。 

2。2。3。2 An Overview of Interlanguage Researches in China文献综述

To provide an overall picture of interlanguage researches in China, five categories will be reviewed briefly as follows:

a。 Error analysis studies 

Most researches on this aspect are mainly done empirically, for example, the errors of nouns in Chinese students’ writings are analyzed through the language database of Chinese English learners (Chen 2011)。 There are also theoretical studies concerned with the development, treatment and causes of error analysis (Tang Chengxian, 1997; Yang Qirong, 2002)。 

b。 Transfer studies 

Cognitive studies and the transfer of communicative strategies from a macroscopic perspective have been reviewed in 2004。 Zhang Xu and Yuan Chunming (1998) discuss the impact of native language and overgeneralization of target language on the second language acquisition。 

c。 Variability studies 

Lin Qiong (2001) explains the formation of Chinglish and explores the causes。 It’s believed that Chinglish, as one variant of interlanguage that is influenced by Chinese, has its own inner rules。 

d。 Fossilization studies 

Dai Weidong and Niu Qiang (1999) review the definition, categories and the causes of fossilization and discuss the impact that it has on Chinese English teaching。 

e。 Pragmatic studies 

Shang Xiaoming (1997) explores the pragmatic problem under the framework of second language acquisition。