摘要本文为了进行密封圈的尺寸特征测量和表面缺陷的检测，构建了基于机器视觉的测量系统。通过实验选择合适的光源并确定照明方案，保证了密封圈在检测过程中成像清晰，缺陷特征明显。同时在大视场全景图像中识别被测密封圈的尺寸，在高分辨率的小视场图像上完成密封圈表面缺陷检测。研究了密封圈图像处理过程中的边缘检测，采用实验的方法对比了几种边缘检测算子的特性。实现结果表明Sobel算子和Prewitt算子均比较适合密封圈的边缘检测，通过边缘提取能获取密封圈的缺陷特征,系统标定完成后获取了密封圈的实际尺寸20544
毕业论文关键词 密封圈 边缘检测 尺寸测量 表面缺陷检测
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Research on automatic measurement and detection technology for astronautic sealing ring.
Abstract
In order to measure the size character and detect the surface defects of sealing ring, a measurement system based on machine vision is constructed. Through experiment the appropriate light source is selected to confirm illumination scheme for ensuring image clearly, defect characteristics obviously. Besides, the seal ring size is measured in the large field of view images and the ring surface defect detection is completed in the small field of view images with high resolution. The edge detection is researched during the image processing of seal ring and the characteristic of several edge detection operators are compared by experiment. The result shows that both Operator Sobel and Operator Prewitt are suitable for the edge detection of sealing ring and defect feature of seal can be obtained through the edge extraction. The actual size of the sealing ring can be achieved after the system calibration completed.
Keywords sealing ring edge detection size measurement
surface defects detection
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究背景 1
1.2 课题研究意义 2
1.3 课题研究内容 2
1.4 本章小结 4
2 机器视觉测量方法 5
2.1 机器视觉技术 5
2.2 机器视觉方法 5
2.3 本章小结 7
3 密封圈测量系统设计 8
3.1 测量系统硬件设计 8
3.2 测量系统软件设计 11
3.3 本章小结 11
4 密封圈表面缺陷检测 13
4.1 密封圈缺陷类型 13
4.2 边缘检测 14
4.3 Matlab实现 18
4.4 Matlab边缘提取 24
4.5 本章小结 25
5 密封圈尺寸测量 27
5.1 测量系统标定 27
5.2 尺寸测量 28
5.3 本章小结 29
结 论 31
致 谢 33
参考文献34
1 绪论
1.1 课题研究背景
机械密封以其优良的密封性、可靠性以及经济适用性在各种流体机械和航空航天器件中得到广泛应用，密封圈作为机械密封中必备的辅助密封元件，其尺寸和表面质量是保证液压气动系统与元件正常可靠工作的关键。在各类密封圈中，O形密封圈（简称O形圈）和X形密封圈（也称星形圈）是最常用的密封圈，这两类密封圈要控制的尺寸主要是内外径和截面尺寸，其测量方法可分为接触式测量和非接触式测量两大类。 基于机器视觉航天用密封圈的自动测量与检测:http://www.youerw.com/zidonghua/lunwen_12362.html