摘要铁路是国家的发展和前进的大动脉，但是安全问题却成为了影响它的发展的主要因素。因此，如何保障铁路道口的安全这个亟待研究和解决的课题出现在我们的面前。
铁路与公路两者相交的道口所存在的安全问题一直是提高安全工作道路上的薄弱点。本课题研究出利用单片机来达到的具有自动报警功能的系统，具体而言就是采用了高可靠，使用率高的的89C51单片机作为主电路芯片，而且这种芯片性价比高、也利于工作人员学习使用。安装在轨道上的传感器采集回来的列车信息经过单片机系统处理，发出报警，通知道口工作人员及道路两侧过往行人和车辆，避免发生意外和不测，提高铁路和公路运输的安全。由于道口环境恶劣，所以系统的可靠性，硬件的耐用度以及设备应对自然灾害的能力等方面在设计过程中被重点考虑了。同时，软件中还添加了抗干扰等方面的设计。本系统的设计能为道口工作人员及时正确的提供车辆信息。因此，本课题成果极具社会推广价值。34563
毕业论文关键词：道口安全 单片机 传感器 报警系统
Abstract
Railway is the development and advancement of the country's main artery, but the security issue has become a major factor affecting its development. So, how to protect the safety of railway crossings to be studied and solved this problem in front of us.
Security issues intersect both rail and road crossing has been present in the work to improve the weak point safety on the road. This paper developed using SCM to achieve the system has automatic alarm function, specifically is the use of high reliability, high usage rate of 89C51 microcontroller as the main circuit chip, and high chip cost-effective, but also help staff learn to use . Sensors mounted on the back of the train track information collected through SCM system processing, alarm, notification crossing the road on both sides of the staff and passers-by and vehicles, to avoid accidents and accident, improve rail and road transport safety. Due to the harsh environment crossing so aspects of durability and equipment capacity to respond to natural disasters, system reliability and hardware in the design process is the key consideration. At the same time, the software also adds immunity and other aspects of the design. The system is designed to provide timely and correct information for the vehicle crossing staff. Thus, the results of this study to promote great social value.
Key Words： Crossing safety SCM Sensor Alarm system
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 问题的提出 1
1.2 选题意义 1
1.3 国内外铁路道口安全研究状况 2
1.4 设计任务和功能要求 2
2 道口自动报警系统概述 4
2.1 系统整体结构设计 4
2.2 系统主要技术指标 4
2.3 系统平面工作示意图 5
3 报警系统的硬件设计 6
3.1 传感器的选择和安装使用 6
3.1.1 传感器的选择 6
3.1.2 传感器的安装使用方法 7
3.2 信号处理电路的设计 8
3.2.1 信号输入级 8
3.2.2 信号整形级 10
3.2.3 光电隔离级 11
3.2.4 锁存选通级 11
3.3 中央处理模块 12
3.3.1 AT89C51单片机简介 12 51单片机铁路道口自动报警系统的设计+电路图:http://www.youerw.com/zidonghua/lunwen_32088.html