摘要随着全球经济的发展，经济活动中对海洋运输和海洋资源的需求也不断增加。但由于受到风浪的影响, 进行海上作业的船只在风浪的作用下，也会进行不规律的上下起伏运动。这就使得吊机在下放货物时容易和甲板相撞，如果风浪过大，会导致撞击力量过大，严重了就会造成物毁船损的情况，如果是一些军用物资，会带来更大的危险和更多的经济损失[1]。为了克服这种缺点，我们设计一种具有波浪补偿功能的吊机来进行货物的起吊，这种吊机能够运用液压缸来进行波浪补偿，使得货物在进行吊放的过程中，与被补给船之间的相对间距保持不变，这样就能够确保货物吊放的过程中不会出现撞击船甲板的事情，避免了经济损失。我所采用的是电液系统来进行控制，液压系统主要执行元件是两个液压马达，两个液压缸。其中，两个液压马达分别用来控制吊臂的回转和货物的起吊，两个液压缸分别用来控制吊臂的变幅和波浪补偿。为了确保液压系统进行更精确的控制，将液压系统的四个换向阀全采用电磁阀，选用三菱的FX2N系列PLC来进行控制液压系统运动。在PLC当中，运用到了PID运算和D/A转换的特殊模块。这样，使得吊机能够实现全自动的波浪补偿控制。50784
毕业论文关键词：吊机；波浪补偿；液压系统；PLC控制
Abstract With the development of global economy, the economic activities of marine transportation and marine resources demand will continue to increase. But due to the impact of wind waves, sea ship waves do not rule with the ups and downs of motion, leading to the goods is very easy to hit the deck of the ship, serious when destroyed ship damage, resulting in considerable economic losses, especially some military supplies (missile box),brought great danger. In order to overcome this shortcoming, we design a wave compensation function of the crane to cargo lifting, machine can use hydraulic cylinder to wave compensation of the hanging, make the goods in the process of dipping in, and supply relative spacing between ship remain unchanged, so that we can ensure that no goods in the process of dipping crash the deck of the ship thing, avoid economic loss. I is used in the hydraulic system to control, hydraulic system actuator is two hydraulic motor, a hydraulic cylinder two. Among them, two hydraulic motors are respectively used for hoisting control arm rotary and goods, the two hydraulic cylinders are used to control the amplitude and heave compensation crane. In order to make the hydraulic system more precise control, the four reversing valve of hydraulic system of the full use of electromagnetic valve, selection of Mitsubishi FX2N series PLC to control hydraulic system. In PLC, to the use of special module PID operation and D/A conversion. Thus, the crane can realize the wave compensation control automatic.
Keywords: Crane; heave compensation; hydraulic system; PLC control
目 录
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.3选题的目的和意义 3
1.4研究内容 3
第二章 波浪补偿吊机液压系统设计 4
2.1选用液压系统控制的原因 4
2.2波浪补偿吊机对液压系统的要求 5
2.3各回路初步设计 5
2.3.1起升回路 5
2.3.2变幅回路 7
2.3.3回转回路 8
2.3.4波浪补偿回路 PLC海洋平台波浪补偿吊机电液控制设计+接线图+液压原理图:http://www.youerw.com/zidonghua/lunwen_54189.html