摘要：本文首先通过对冷冻胚胎的法律属性的三种理论学说的比较，引出关于冷冻胚胎的法律属性的问题探讨，进而笔者采取折中说的观点，确定冷冻胚胎兼具物权客体和人格权客体的双重属性的结论。其次，笔者分析了冷冻胚胎的继承问题，探讨了何人有资格继承被继承人所遗留的冷冻胚胎，以及在现行法律体制下，继承人在继承了冷冻胚胎后如何处理该胚胎。再次，笔者结合英美法系和大陆法系一些国家的主流观点，在我国相关立法方面提出以下两点建议即冷冻胚胎应作为可继承的物进行继承，以及应适当开放代孕方面的限制，通过立法的合理规制和引导，既避免黑市代孕横行，也避免对冷冻胚胎的过度扼杀，使之合乎法律与伦理规范。最后，本文还对人类胚胎体外培养技术出现后应当如何立法规制，以及如何调整体外培养与母体代孕之间的关系做了部分研究，以期日后对人类胚胎体外培养技术进行法律与伦理规制能够有所裨益。91325

毕业论文关键词：冷冻胚胎；伦理物；胚胎继承；代孕。

Abstract：This paper based on the legal attribute of frozen embryos, comparison of the theory of three theories, raises questions about the legal attribute of frozen embryos, and then the author

compromises said point of view, and determine the frozen embryos it possesses the attributes of the object real right and personality right。 Secondly, the author analyzes the succession of frozen embryos, who are eligible to inherit is discussed by the heir to the legacy of frozen embryos, and under the current law system, the heir to how to deal with the embryos after inherited the frozen embryos。 Again, the author combined the mainstream view of Anglo-American law system and continental law system countries, the relevant legislation in our country put forward the following two Suggestions which should be frozen embryos as inheritable for inheritance, and should be open appropriate restrictions in terms of the surrogate, reasonable regulation and guidance through legislation, both to avoid black surrogate, also avoid excessive killing of  frozen embryos, legal and ethical norms。 Finally, this article also how should after the human embryos in vitro culture techniques appear to regulate, and how to adjust the relationship between the in vitro cultivation and surrogate parent to do some research, in order to in the future of human embryos in vitro culture techniques for legal and ethical regulation can help。

Keywords：Frozen embryos、Ethics、Embryos inherit、Surrogacy

目 录

一、问题的提出。。1

（一）冷冻胚胎的法律属性的不同学说。。21、对生命潜力和人类尊严持肯定态度的主体说 2

2、完全否定冷冻胚胎的主体性的客体说 3

3、平衡主体说和客体说两种观点的折中说 3

（二）作者的观点。。4

二、冷冻胚胎的继承。5

（一）冷冻胚胎是否具有可继承性51、冷冻胚胎是否属于被继承人的个人合法财产 5

2、冷冻胚胎是否符合遗产的法律特征 6

3、冷冻胚胎的继承是否符合我国相关法律 6

4、冷冻胚胎的继承符合生命伦理与社会道德 7

（二）冷冻胚胎继承中所涉及的法律问题71、冷冻胚胎的继承人 7

2、冷冻胚胎继承后的使用 8

（三）冷冻胚胎继承的相关法律完善。8三、结语。11