摘要：本次设计的题目为浮头式换热器。浮头式换热器是管壳式换热器系列中的一种，它的特点是两端管板只有一端与外壳固定死，另一端可相对壳体滑移，称为浮头。浮头式换热器由于管束的膨胀不受壳体的约束，因此不会因管束之间的差胀而产生温差热应力，另外浮头式换热器的优点还在于拆卸方便，易清洗。在化工工业中应用非常广泛。本论文对浮头式换热器进行了整体的设计，按照设计要求，在结构的选取上，采用了1-2型，即壳侧一程，管侧两程。首先，通过换热计算确定换热面积与管子的根数初步选定结构。然后按照设计的要求以及一系列国际标准进行结构设计，之后进行了强度校核并对结构进行了优化，最后提出一些制造与安装方面的问题，最后用CAD画出图形5687
关键词： 换热器；浮头；管壳
Design of Heavy Oil Heat Exchanger
Abstract: The topic of my study is the design of floating head heat exchanger. The floating head heat exchanger is a special type of tube and shell heat exchanger. It is special for its floating head. One of its tube sheet is fixed, while another can float in the shell, so called floating head. As the tubes can expand without the restriction of the shell, it can avoid thermal stress. Another advantage is that it can be dismantled and clean easily. It is widely used in chemical industry. In this study an overall design of the floating head heat exchanger is carried out .According to the demand the type 1-2 is chosen to be the basic type, which has one segment in shell and two segment in tubes. First, heat transfer is calculated to determine the heat exchange surface area and the number of tubes that needed. Then, according to the request and standards, structural of system is well designed. After that, optimal design result is given. Finally, some manufacture and installation issues are related. The drawings are done using CAD.
Key words: heat exchanger; floating head; tube and shell
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题背景 1
1.1.1 我国换热器发展前景 1
1.1.2 国外换热器发展前景 4
1.2 换热器的应用及发展 7
1.3 换热器的分类及特点 8
1.3.1 直接接触式换热器 8
1.3.2 蓄热式换热器 8
1.3.3 间壁式换热器 8
1.3.4 中间载热体式换热器 8
1.4 研究的目的和意义 9
1.5 本次设计简介 9
2 换热器的热力和阻力计算 11
2.1 热力计算 11
2.1.1 确定物性数据 11
2.1.2 定性温度和物性参数计算 11
2.1.3 计算总传热系数 12
2.1.4 管程压降 14
2.1.5 壳程压降 15
3 细部结构计算 17
3.1 壳体和管箱材料的选择 17
3.2 筒体 17
3.3 管箱壳体及封头的计算 17
3.3.1 管箱的作用及选型 17
3.3.2 封头的计算 18
3.3.3 平盖厚度计算 19
3.4 管箱分程隔板 19
3.5 水压试验校核 20
3.5.1 筒体的应力校核 20
3.5.2 椭圆形封头的应力校核 21
3.5.3 管箱的应力校核 21
3.6 固定管板 21
3.7 浮动管板 22
3.8 换热管及其排列方式 22
3.9 换热管与管板连接 23
3.10 接管 24
3.10.1 壳体接管厚度 24 含油污水预热器的设计+CAD图纸:http://www.youerw.com/jixie/lunwen_2830.html