大豆离体叶片对斜纹夜蛾抗选性鉴定方法完善及应用
时间:2019-06-24 20:01 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：斜纹夜蛾是亚洲地区的主要食叶性害虫。本研究完善了离体叶片抗选性鉴定方法，利用打孔器将叶片截成直径2.5cm的方形，将三组处理和对照的方形叶片放置于15cm口径培养皿两侧，并接种三龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫，危害18小时后进行数据调查。选用9cm和15cm规格培养皿的F值分别为3.17和8.11（P<0.01），说明15cm相对于9cm规格的培养皿鉴定结果更为准确和可靠；接虫危害14和18小时的F值分别为3.12和8.11（P<0.01），说明危害18小时更利于区分抗虫和感虫材料之间的抗选性差异。接虫18小时，以南农1138-2作为对照品种，对IRSGP群体进行初筛，筛选出高抗和高感种质各10份；然后以栾川城关春黑豆和监利牛毛黄分别作为抗虫和感虫对照品种进行复筛，以验证初筛结果。通过MLM方法对IRSGP群体进行关联分析，共检测到5个抗选性QTL。36605 毕业论文关键词：大豆；斜纹夜蛾；抗选性；离体叶片 The improvement and application of detached leaflet evaluation method for antixenosis to common cutworm in soybeanStudent majoring in agronomy Abstract: Common cutworm is (CCW) a major leaf-feeding pest of soybean. In this study, the detached leaflet evaluation method for antixenosis to CCW was improved in soybean. In the detached leaflet evaluation method for antixenosis, leaflet was cut into a square with a diameter of 2.5 cm by punching bear, and the three groups of treated and control square leaflets were placed on both sides of the 15 cm diameter Petri dish, and the third-instar CCW larva were applied to investigate data after artificial infestation for 18 h. The F value of the 9cm and 15cm were respectively 3.17 and 8.11 (P<0.01), indicating the 15cm was more accuracy and stable than 9 cm. The F value of artificial infestation for 14 h and 18 h were respectively 3.12 and 8.11 (P<0.01), indicating artificial infestation for 18 h was helpful to distinguish the antixenosis difference between resistant and susceptible accessions. The IRSGP was firstly screened out 10 resistant and 10 susceptible accessions after artificial infestation for 18 h (the control variety is NN1138-2), and the secondary screening was used to verify the accuracy for first screening of results with the resistant and susceptible control varieties are respectively LCCGCHD and JLNMH. Five antixenosis QTLs were detected in IRSGP by MLM method of association mapping. Key words: Soybean; Common cutworm; Antixenosis; Detached leaflet 目 录 摘要1 Abstract1 Key words 1 引言1 1 材料与方法2 1.1 试验材料2 1.2 叶片来源3 1.3 斜纹夜蛾幼虫的人工繁殖3 1.4设备和流程3 1.5 试验设计4 1.6 数据分析5 1.7 全基因组关联分析5 2 结果与分析5 2.1 离体叶片抗选性鉴定方法的完善5 2.2 IRSGP群体的抗选性差异5 2.3 IRSGP群体的全基因组关联分析7 3 讨论7 致谢8 参考文献8 大豆离体叶片对斜纹夜蛾抗选性鉴定方法的完善及应用 引言：大豆是世界上重要的油料作物之一，其籽粒中的高蛋白和油脂具有很大的利用价值[1]。斜纹夜蛾（Spodoptera litura Fabricius）属鳞翅目夜蛾科，是暴食和杂食性强的一种食叶类害虫，被危害的植物包括单子叶和双子叶共计109科389种植物[2]。随着气候的变化，斜纹夜蛾种群数量在我国华东地区逐年升高，导致大豆产量下降，严重的甚至绝收[3]。害虫的综合治理主要包括化学、物理和生物等防治方法，其中化学和物理方法对环境造成的影响比较大，而生物防治具有环保和可持续化的特点[4]。随着人们对无公害绿色食品需求及环境保护意识的日益增强，培育抗虫品种成为控制虫害、保护环境的重要途径[5]。 (责任编辑：qin) |