主轴转速对车刀三向振动时域特性影响的试验设计
时间:2019-10-10 21:05 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| [摘 要]：车削是一种常用的机加工方式，在车削过程中工件和刀具之间可能发生强烈的振动，这是一种极其有害的现象，会严重影响车刀的寿命。本文对车刀振动进行深入研究，查阅大量有关机械振动的文献，对试验仪器的选择及试验方案的确立进行了思考，最终确立了两种方案：第一是研究主轴转速的变化对车刀振动的影响，第二是研究初等磨损、中等磨损、严重磨损三种不同刀具的车削振动。利用数控机床及三向加速度传感器进行车削试验，通过Vib'SYS北京波谱振动信号分析仪分析刀具下表面的振动信号，得出振动信号的极值、均值、均方根等时域特征。研究表明：（1）随着主轴转速的增大,车刀轴向、径向、切向加速度呈现的最值规律一致，都是先增大后减小再逐渐增大；（2）其均值、均方根也呈现周期变化，当转速为800r/min时振动信号均值及均方根波动较小。（3）通过对比三种不同磨损程度的车刀，最终发现中等磨损程度的车刀振动强度均值最小而严重磨损车刀振动强度均值最大。39786 [毕业论文关键词]：车削振动; 主轴转速; 时域特征；刀具磨损 The spindle speed of three to the influence of vibration frequency domain characteristics test tool design [Abstract]：Turning is a common method of machine processing, between the workpiece and the cutting tool in turning process may occur in strong vibration. This is a kind of extremely harmful phenomenon, can seriously affect the tool life.This paper of tool vibration of in-depth study, access to a large number of mechanical vibration of literature and the test instrument and test scheme establishment of thinking, finally established the two schemes:first is the influence of the spindle speed of the tool vibration,The second is to study elementary wear, medium wear and severe wear three different tools turning vibration.The CNC machine tool and three to the acceleration sensor of turning test, through vib'sys Beijing spectrum of vibration signal analyzer analysis tool under the surface of the vibration signal, the vibration signal of extreme value, mean value, mean square root characteristics in time domain is obtained.(1) with the increase of the rotational speed of the spindle turning axial, radial and tangential to present to the acceleration value the most consistent, is first increased and then decreased and increased gradually.(2) the mean and RMS of the mean value are also show periodic variation, and the mean and RMS fluctuations of the vibration signal are less when the speed is 800r/min.(3) by comparing three kinds of different degree of wear of the tool, eventually found moderate wear degree of tool vibration intensity mean minimum while serious wear and tear tool vibration intensity mean maximum. [Keyword]：Turning vibration;Spindle speed;Time Domain Analysis;Cutting tool wear 目 录 摘要.1 前 言.2 1 绪论.3 1.1 研究意义3 1.2 研究现状3 1.3 研究内容5 1.4 研究方法和技术路线5 1.5 本章小结6 2 机械振动测试理论基础.6 2.1 机械振动的机理及应用6 2.2 机械振动分类7 2.3 振动测试的目的7 2.4 振动测试的意义及方法8 2.5 振动系统的特征参数8 2.6 振动测量传感器的原理9 2.7 振动测量传感器的选择13 2.8 本章小结14 3 车削振动信号时域分析方法.14 3.1 切削振动及其种类14 3.2 振动信号的预处理14 3.3 振动信号时域分析方法15 3.4 振动信号分析所要测量的参数16 3.5 北京波谱WS—DAQ采集程序冲击振动数据采集仪.16 3.6 Vib’SYS 振动信号采集、处理和分析软件系统说明.19 (责任编辑：qin) |