摘要：茶树花是茶（Camellia sinensis）树的生殖器官，富含多种营养成分和活性物质，包括茶树花多糖、茶多酚、茶皂苷、黄酮以及茶树花精油等，其中茶树花多糖具有显著地防辐射、抗癌、降血脂等功效。茶树花作为副产物利用率远不及茶叶，这就造成了大量的资源浪费。针对这一现象，本文以茶树花为原料，研究不同的提取方法对茶树花多糖的性质的影响情况。通过热水浸提法、酶提取法、乙醇回流法以及超声辅助提取等手段获得茶树花多糖，比较了不同方法提取的茶树花多糖的理化性质以及抗氧化活性差异，并运用高效液相色谱法检测了茶树花多糖的单糖构成。25188
毕业论文关键词：茶树花；多糖；提取方法；理化性质；抗氧化活性
Effects of Different Extraction Methods on the Polysaccharides from the Flower of Camellia sinensis
Abstract：Tea flower is a genital organ of tea (Camellia sinensis), rich in a variety of nutrients and active substances, including tea tree polysaccharides, tea polyphenols, tea saponins, flavonoids and tea tree essential oil, which tea tree polysaccharide has a significant anti Radiation, anti-cancer, hypolipidemic and so on. Tea tree flowers as a by-product utilization is far less than tea, which resulted in a lot of waste of resources. In view of this phenomenon, this paper studied the effects of different extraction methods on the properties of polysaccharides from tea tree. The polysaccharides were obtained by means of hot water extraction, enzyme extraction, ethanol refluxing and ultrasonic assisted extraction. The physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from different methods were compared and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography so the polysaccharide composition of tea polysaccharide was tested.
Key words: tea flower; polysaccharide; extraction method;physical and chemical properties; antioxidative activity
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1  材料与方法    2
1．1  茶树花多糖的提取方法    2
1．1．1  热水浸提法    2
1．1．2  乙醇回流法    2
1．1．3 酶解提取法    2
1．1．4 超声波辅助提取法    2
1．1．5 茶树花多糖得率    2
1．2  茶树花粗多糖理化性质的测定    2
1．2．1  总糖含量的测定    2
1．2．2  蛋白质含量的测定    3
1．2．3 多酚含量测定    3
1．2．4 糖醛酸含量测定    3
1．2．5 硫酸基含量测定    3
1．3  抗氧化活性测定    4
1．3．1 清除DPPH自由基    4
1．3．2 清除羟基自由基    4
1．3．3 清除超氧阴离子自由基    4
1．3．4 清除ABTS自由基    4
1．3．5 金属离子螯合能力测定    5
1．4  茶树花多糖的单糖组成分析    5
1．4．1 多糖样品的水解    5
1．4．2  PMP柱前衍生化    5
1．4．3 高效液相色谱（HPLC）法检测    5
1．4．4 单糖混标的配置    5
2  结果与分析    6
2．1  茶树花多糖得率    6
2．2  茶树花理化性质    6
2．3 抗氧化活性    7
2．3．1 清除DPPH自由基    7
2．3．2 清除羟基自由基    7
2．3．3 清除超氧阴离子自由基    8
2．3．4 清除ABTS自由基    8 不同提取方法对茶树花多糖性质的影响研究:http://www.youerw.com/shiping/lunwen_18844.html