摘要石墨烯自2004年被发现以来，对其的研究一直有增无减。石墨烯独特的二维层状结构使得它具有很多优异的性能，比如说高的电导率、磁性、良好的机械性能等。近年来，由于石墨烯的高比面积性质，其理论比表面积达到2630平方米/克，其在污水处理方面的前景引起的研究工作者的广泛关注，并取得了一定的成果。86741

本文主要通过改良的Hummers法制备石墨烯并对其进行表征，在35℃以下完成氧化石墨烯的制备，降低氧化石墨烯发生还原的可能性，制备完成后研究其对三价铬离子的吸附性能，并最终得出相应结论。通过X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对制得的石墨烯进行表征，结果表明石墨烯的尺寸减小，分层现象明显，无序度增加，表面出现褶皱和凸起，有利于其吸附。在吸附实验中，通过控制石墨烯的用量和二者的接触时间两个变量，来观察吸附效果。吸附结果表明在石墨烯用量为110mg/50ml、二者接触时间为120min的条件下，吸附效果最佳，其对铬离子的去除率达到65。4%，同时吸附量为69。55mg/g。石墨烯的吸附效果与其他天然的吸附剂如锯屑、改性纤维素、芦苇席相比，有明显的优势，对铬离子的吸附效果明显。

毕业论文关键词：石墨烯；铬离子；吸附

Abstract Since it has been found from 2004, the research of graphemehas been increasing。 Graphene unique two-dimensional layered structure makes it has many excellent properties, such as high electrical conductivity, magnetic, good mechanical properties。 In recent years, due to the nature of high specific surface area of graphene, which theoretical specific surface area reached at 2630 m2 / g, the prospects in sewage treatment caused widespread concern among researches who achieved certain results。

This paper mainly through the improvement Hummers way to product graphene and characterized the grapheme which be producted below 35℃。It can reduced the possibility of oxide graphene turn into grapheme。 Then we study the adsorption property with chromium ions and finally draws the corresponding conclusion。Through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy to characterize the grapheme, the results show that the graphene’s size of delamination reduced obviously, the degree of disorder increasing, fold and uplift appear on the surface, which are conducive to the adsorption property。 Among the adsorption experiments, by controlling the dosage of graphene dosage and the contact time of two elements, to observe the adsorption effect。 The results show that adsorption on graphene was 110mg/50ml, the two elemwnts contact time is 120min, the best adsorption effect of chromium ion removal rate reached 65。4%, while the adsorption capacity for adsorption of 69。55mg/g。 Comparing with other natural adsorbents such as sawdust, modified cellulose, the reed mat, grephene has obvious advantages of chromium ion adsorption effect。

Keywords:graphene ;chromium ions; adsorption

目录

第一章绪论 1

1。1 石墨烯的概述 1

1。2 石墨烯的制备 2

1。2。1 机械剥离法 2

1。2。2 化学气相沉积法 2

1。2。3 碳管剪切法 3

1。2。4 外延生长法 3

1。2。5 化学法 4

1。3 石墨烯的性能 5

1。3。1 电学性能 5

1。3。2 机械性能 5

1。3。3 热学性能