摘要本论文用以聚醚的质量份数为100计，探讨了发泡受料温、催化剂用量、硅油用量、TDI100的用量和发泡剂水的用量的影响。加入硬脂酸改性的四氧化三铁、纳米TiO2、未改性二氧化钛等三种纳米颗粒在这个体系里，并按照添加纳米粒的种类及纳米粒比例，调节配方中催化剂、硅油及水的质量配比，制备了种类不同的NPU。59863

     通过ESEM对普通聚氨酯、TiO2/NPU、M-TiO2/NPU观察，结果是这样的：M-TiO2粒子数量越少，它在TiO2/NPU中分散性就越好；如果含量较多时，M-TiO2粒子分散性就不好，很容易团聚。而用M-TiO2分散在NPU中较没改性过的M-TiO2分散在NPU中要好的多，并且不容易出现团聚现象。研究聚氨酯泡沫塑料复合材料力学性能受两种M-TiO2的添加量的影响，结果表明：NPU较普通聚氨酯的机械性能有了一定的改善。M-TiO2/NPU比TiO2/NPU的力学性能好。

关键词：改性聚氨酯泡沫；纳米粒子；力学性能

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  The Study on composite modification of polyurethane foam

Abstract

In this paper, using a polyether as 100, effects of amount of catalyst,temperature, amount of foaming agent, silicone oil, water content and TDI 100 content on the foam. Were added in the formulations of the nanometer TiO2 modified by stearic acid (M-TiO2 ), the unmodified TiO2 nanoparticles, magnetite and other three kinds, according tokinds and mass fraction of nanoparticles nanoparticles added, mass ratio of catalyst, silicone oil and water regulation in the formula, NPU prepared. 

The experimental results show that the common PU, TiO2/NPU, M-TiO2/NPU were observed by ESEM, the results obtained show that:TiO2 nanoparticles in small amounts in TiO2/NPU dispersion is better; but when the content of more, nano TiO2 particle dispersion is not good, the more powerful. Using M-TiO2 in NPU dispersion is notmodified nano TiO2 in NPU dispersion is much better, and thereunion phenomenon is not obvious. By adding the amount of twokinds of nanometer TiO2 influence on mechanical properties ofpolyurethane foam composite materials, obtained results show that:the mechanical properties of NPU compared with the ordinary PUhave improved. M-TiO2/NPU is better than the mechanical properties of TiO2/NPU. 

Keywords: modified polyurethane foam; nanoparticles; mechanical properties

1  引言 1

1.1  聚氨酯简介 1

1.2  聚氨酯泡沫的研究进展 2

1.3  聚氨酯泡沫的改性研究 2

1.3.1 微粒的复合改性 3

1.3.2  纤维的复合改性 6

1.3.3  混杂复合改性 8

1.4  聚氨酯泡沫的发展前景 8

2  纳米改性聚氨酯泡沫的制备 9

2.1  引 言 9

2.2  实验仪器和原料 9

2.2.1  实验原料 9

2.2.2主要仪器 10

2.3   实验材料制备 10

2.3.1  聚氨酯泡沫发泡原理 10

2.3.2  聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备 11

2.3.3  纳米改性聚氨酯泡沫的制备 12

2.4  性能测试及表征 12

2.5  结果与讨论