摘要: 硅酸钇镥（LYSO）晶体是一种重要的闪烁材料，广泛应用于高能物理、核物理、核医学成像等领域。本文综述了硅酸钇镥(LYSO)闪烁晶体的晶体结构、闪烁性能、闪烁机理与晶体生长的研究现状，提出了本课题的研究方案。采用提拉法生长了分子式为Lu1.6Y0.4SiO5的硅酸钇镥晶体，研究了LYSO晶体的生长工艺、生长缺陷以及影响晶体生长的因素，分析了晶体开裂和云层等缺陷形成机理。对提拉法生长的LYSO进行加工，包括定向、切割、抛光、研磨，为该晶体的性能测试打下基础。70118

毕业论文关键词：Lu1.6Y0.4SiO5；闪烁晶体；提拉法；晶体生长；晶体加工。

Growth and processing of LYSO scintillation crystal

Abstract： LuYSiO5 (LYSO) crystal is one of the excellent scintillation materials and has been applied in high-energy physics, nuclear physics, and nuclear medical equipment. In this paper, we summarized the progress on crystal structure, scintillation properties and mechanism, growth of LYSO crystals. Then we focused on the crystal growth and processing of Lu1.6Y0.4SiO5 crystal as the aim of this paper.  LYSO crystals were grown by Czochralski method in a factory and the growth parameters were optimized. The growth defects, including cracks and striations, were observed and discussed. As-grown crystals were oriented by X-ray orientation device and then were cut, polished for optical measurements.

Keywords: Lu1.6Y0.4SiO5；Scintillation crystal；Czochralski method；Crystal growth; Processing

目录

1绪论 1

1.1 无机闪烁晶体及其研究现状与发展趋势 1

1.1.1 闪烁晶体概述 1

1.1.2 常用无机闪烁晶体材料 1

1.1.3 闪烁晶体的主要应用 2

1.1.4 闪烁晶体材料的发展趋势 4

1.2  硅酸钇镥闪烁晶体进展 5

1.2.1 晶体结构 6

1.2.2 硅酸钇镥晶体的闪烁性能和相关性质 8

1.2.3 硅酸钇镥闪烁晶体生长研究 8

1.3 晶体的生长 8

1.3.1 提拉法生长晶体 8

1.3.2 Modified Mustav Method 法 9

1.3.3 Sol-Gel 法 9

1.3.4 提拉法与其他方法相比的优点 10

1.4 硅酸钇镥闪烁晶体生长存在的问题 10

1.4.1 晶体闪烁性能波动大 10

1.4.2 晶体容易开裂 11

1.4.3 生长工艺比较复杂 11

1.4.4 价格昂贵 11

1.5  晶体的加工 11

1.5.1  晶体的切割 11

1.5.2  晶体的研磨 12

1.5.3  晶体的抛光 12

2 实验

2.1 晶体生长 12

2.1.1 多晶料的制备 13

2.1.2 坩埚的选择 14

2.1.3 晶体生长工艺 15

2.2晶体加工 17

2.2.1 晶体切割