摘要三维石墨烯具有密度低、比表面积大等优点，是近年来材料科学的研究热点之一。 目前，制备三维石墨烯的方法主要有水热自组装法、交联法、模板法等。本课题采用 模板法，以三聚氰胺泡沫为模板，以氧化石墨烯溶液为原料，通过酒精灯的内焰燃烧 来制备具有三维多孔结构的氮掺杂石墨烯。该方法与 CVD 模板法相比，具有成本低、 操作简单、产量高等优点。81231

本文分别利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究三维氮掺杂石墨烯的微 观形貌结构，测试结果表明，制备的三维氮掺杂石墨烯密度为 5-10mg/cm3，孔径为 50-150um；元素分析（EDX）测试表明，随着氧化石墨烯溶液浓度的增加，三维石 墨烯中氮元素比例呈现出下降趋势；分别通过拉曼光谱（Raman）和 x-射线多晶衍射 仪（XRD）研究三维氮掺杂石墨烯的电子结构，研究结果表明，酒精火焰燃烧可以有 效还原氧化石墨烯。为了测试三维氮掺杂石墨烯的吸附性能，分别选取氯仿、己烷、 DMF 三种溶剂进行测试。研究结果表明所有样品对氯仿的吸附性能最好，样品的吸 附性能与吸附物的极性有关，极性越弱吸附效果越好。5mg/mL 的 GO 水溶液所制备 的样品吸附性能最好。在重复吸附试验中，样品对氯仿的重复吸附衰减最大，样品的 重复吸附衰减随溶剂的极性增强而变小。

毕业论文关键词：三聚氰胺泡沫；氧化石墨烯；三维氮掺杂石墨烯；燃烧

Abstract Currently, the preparation methods of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene include hydrothermal self-assembly, chemical cross-linking, template method and so on。 This experiment is belonging to template method。 The template is Melamine foam。 The raw material is graphene oxide。 The preparation of 3D N-doped graphene is burning the melamine foam which doped with GO in an ethanol flame。 Compared with chemical vapor deposition of graphene, this way is cheaper, easy operation, superfast preparation and high yield。

The three-dimensional N-doped graphene has low density, a certain mechanical properties and elasticity。 Its unique porous interconnected hollow struts so that large specific surface area and excellent absorption properties which could be changed by the GO dispersion concentration。 The experiment tries to find the influential of GO dispersion concentration to sample by configure different concentrations of graphene oxide solution。 And use SEM, XRD and Raman scattering to detect and characterize the structural quality of the sample。 Finally, through the adsorption experiments of  chloroform,  hexane and DMF to test the sample adsorption properties。 The samples have the best adsorption for chloroform, Polar adsorption properties and adsorption was related to sample, the weaker polarity of solvent, the better performance of adsorption。 Sample prepared by 5mg/mL solution of graphene oxide has the best performance in all adsorption test。 In recycle adsorption test, all samples have large attenuation in chloroform。 The weaker polarity of solvent, the larger attenuation of sample。

Keyword: Melamine foam; graphene oxide;3D N-doped graphene; flame

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 石墨烯 1

1。1。1  石墨烯的简介 1

1。1。2 石墨烯的基本性质 1

1。1。3  石墨烯的制备方法 2

1。1。4  石墨烯的应用 4

1。2  氧化石墨烯 5

1。2。1  氧化石墨烯的简介