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摘要在人力和大自然力作用下，土壤和地面物质被沉积、剥蚀、分开的过程称为土壤侵蚀，Renard K G提出了这个土壤侵蚀的方程A=R*K*LS*C，A是土壤侵蚀量，代表土壤被侵蚀的总量，R是降水侵蚀力，就是下雨对土地进行沉积，使土地被侵蚀，K是土壤质地因子，就是由于土壤质地的差别对土壤发生侵蚀性的影响，LS是坡度坡向因子，也就是地形起伏程度，高差对土壤的侵蚀也是有一定的影响的，C是地表覆盖因子，就是地面被植物，水体等覆盖对土壤的侵蚀也有很大影响，P是农业措施(耕地)因子，是人为因素的影响，关于人类活动，变化较大，本文不做讨论。现在以滇东南岩溶区作为主要研究对象，以ArcGIS为研究平台，选择地表覆盖因子（C），坡度坡向因子（LS），土壤质地因子（K）作为土壤侵蚀的主要依据标准，先分别对这三个因子进行分析，然后综合考虑这些影响因素，得出这个地区的土壤侵蚀性评价，最后发现，轻度敏感，中度敏感，高度敏感这三个分类占了大部分研究的地区，而不敏感和极度敏感占的比例很少。37251
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毕业论文关键词：土壤侵蚀；滇东南；岩溶区；敏感性评价；
Abstract
In the human and natural forces, soil and ground substance is deposited, erosion, a separate process known as soil erosion, Renard KG presented the soil erosion equation A = R * K * LS * C, A is the amount of soil erosion, on behalf of the total soil erosion, R is rainfall erosivity, rainy deposition on land, so land erosion, K is the soil texture factor, is due to the impact of differences in soil erosion occurs on soil texture, LS is the slope slope factor, that is, the extent of undulating terrain, elevation of soil erosion is to a certain extent, C is the land cover factor, is the ground cover plants, water, soil erosion and other overlay also have a significant impact, P is agricultural measures (arable) factor is the impact of human factors on human activity, changes in the larger, is not discussed. Now in southeastern Yunnan karst region as the main research object for the study ArcGIS platform, select land cover factor (C), slope and aspect factor (LS), soil texture factor (K) as the main basis for the standard soil erosion, first separately These three factors will be analyzed and taken into account these factors, soil erosion assessment results in the region, and finally found a mild sensitive, moderately sensitive, highly sensitive to these three categories account for most of the study area, and ratio is not sensitive and extremely sensitive account for very little.
Key words：soil erosion; Southeast Yunnan; karst area: Sensitivity evaluation;
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪 论 1
1.1国内外研究现状 1
2滇东南岩溶区敏感性评价 2
2.1 研究区概况 2
2.1.1 地理位置与人口分布 2
2.1.2 气候水文与作物 2
2.1.3 地质与生态环境 2
2.2 研究方法概述 3
2.3 评价结果 4
2.3.1 坡度坡向因子 4
2.3.2 地表覆盖因子 7
2.3.3 土壤质地因子 10
2.3.4 土壤侵蚀敏感性综合评价 12
3 滇东南岩溶区土壤敏感性 14
3.1 坡度坡向因子敏感性分析 14
3.2 地表覆盖因子敏感性分析 15
3.3 土壤质地敏感性分析 15
4 结论与讨论 16
5 建议 16
致 谢 17