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According to Chapter III tunnel construction risk analysis to identify the presence of the tunnel construction process risk factors, and the importance of various factors affecting the degree of sorting of construction provides the basis for program development . In this design the tunnel construction program includes two main parts: the hole project, initial support. Construction of tunnel portal section construction risk to the larger stage, frequent accident. Therefore, the construction of part of the cave to develop a detailed construction process, including: roof construction of drainage ditches, ceiling entrance front slope, tunnel excavation, the guide wall construction, pipe roof construction, dark tunnel excavation. Construction design detail to every construction process of construction methods, and there are large construction phase construction of vulnerability, ensure the safety of the cave project. In the part of the early support, steel frames, advanced support, bolt set, reinforcing mesh, vertical connection, connection plates, bolts, reinforced design of sprayed concrete for a detailed description of the parameters, introduced the production requirements of mortar anchor rod and mortar construction technology of anchor pole and notes; construction process of wet concrete and construction technology. For primary support of other projects are also developed a detailed construction methods and construction points of hidden danger of major construction phase has developed. Finally, through inspection and acceptance, to ensure the quality of tunnel construction, ensure the safety of tunnel construction. Construction scheme of tunnel construction risk and according to the above analysis, reached the following conclusions:
(1)Through the use of safety checklist for tunnel construction and the use of risk factors identified in LEC, fault tree analysis, PHA method for tunnel construction risk analysis to identify the cause landslides, electrical fires and other accidents risk factors for tunnel construction safety program development provides a basis;
(2) According to the results of the risk analysis, developed a major tunnel construction phase of the construction process and construction methods, and programs to develop the appropriate construction elements and precautions to ensure the safety of the tunnel, and efficient construction , so that people 's personal and property security received a guarantee.
Key words: Tunnel; Accidents; Hazard identification; Risk Analysis;
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究目的与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 2
1.3 常见隧道施工方法及优缺点比较 3
1.4 隧道施工方法的选择 5
1.5 本文的研究内容 6
2 隧道施工危险因素辨识 7
2.1 常用的危险因素辨识方法及其特点 7
2.1.1 安全检查表法 7
2.1.2 预先危险性分析法 8
2.1.3 危险与可操作性研究分析法 8
2.1.4 事件树分析 9
2.1.5 事故树分析 10
2.2 危险因素辨识方法的选择 13
3 隧道施工风险分析 15
3.1 LEC法进行风险分析 15
3.2事故树法进行风险分析 16
3.2.1塌方事故原因分析 17
3.2.2事故树分析 19
3.2.3事故树的定量分析 25
3.2.4事故树分析结论 27
3.3预先危险性分析法(PHA)进行风险分析 27
3.3.1PHA法分析步骤与其优点 27
3.3.2危险性等级划分 28
3.3.3电气火灾事故PHA分析 28
4 隧道施工方案 30