摘要我国是一个人口数量庞大的国家，我国社会发展平稳的一个非常重要的因素就是人，它同时也是影响我国民生的最重要的因素。新世纪以来我国的生育率一直保持低水平稳定的状态，在这个阶段研究我国的生育的特征和状况是十分有意义的，可以发现现今我国的人口问题以及隐患，对计划生育政策的实施和修改提供建议。首先，通过查阅相关的文献和人口统计年鉴获取相关数据，计算出总和生育率、旺盛期育龄妇女累计生育率、以及出生人口性别比等，通过研究分析，发现生育状况的特征和现状，以及存在的不良影响。最后，对我国放宽生育“缓解人口老龄化”，“提高胎次缓解性别比”等说法进行了辩析。69212

该论文有图5幅，表1个，参考文献10篇。

毕业论文关键词：总和生育率  生育状况  性别比  二胎政策

At the present stage our country current situation analysis and research

Abstract

China is a country with a large population , and to the development of China's society ，people is a very important factor , it is also the most important factor affecting the people's livelihood. Since the beginning of the new century , China's fertility rate has always been a stable state and maintaining a low level , it is very meaningful to study the characteristics and condition of our country's fertility at this stage, through that we can find the problems and hidden dangers in China's population, and so that we can provide advice for the implement and revise of the one-child policy .At first, I calculate the total fertility , cumulative fertility rate of women of childbearing age and the sex ratio at birth by consulting relevant literature and Demographic Yearbook to get relevant data, then, find the characteristics and current status of bearing and the existence of bad influence through the research analysis. Finally, I also give a discriminate to our country’s  relaxation of fertility for easing the aging population and improving the ease of sex ratio parity.

The paper has 5 figure , 1 table, 10 references.

Key Words: total fertility rate  state of fertility  sex ratios  Two-child policy

Two-child policy 

目 录

摘  要 III

Abstract IV

图清单 VI

表清单 VI

1引言 1

2新世纪生育状况 1

2.1城乡差异 2

2.2生育年龄发生变化 3

3出生人口性别比失调 5

3.1性别比现状 5

3.2性别比异常的原因 6

3.3性别比异常的后果 8

4二孩政策放宽的“迫切性”辩析 8

4.1“缓解人口老龄化”说 8

4.2“放宽生育可缓解性别比失调”说 9

4.3 “晚二孩”的社会及伦理隐忧 9

5 总结 10

参考文献 12

致谢 13

图清单

图序号 图名称 页码

图2-1 2000年以后我国部分典型年总和生育率