摘要随着城市化进度的快速发展，自然环境遭到了严重的破坏，重金属污染因为 其破坏性、广泛性一直受到民众的关注，人们不断寻找高效、环保、经济的处理 方式。铜在很多领域中有着广泛的应用，但它也是污水中常见的一种重金属，它 的过度排放已经对动植物造成了很大的危害。目前，吸附法作为一种处理重金属 的有效方法，有着很大的研究前景。本文以沙钢高炉粉尘和天工电弧炉粉尘为吸 附剂，研究其对铜离子的吸附性能，探讨溶液 pH、铜离子初始浓度、吸附温度、 吸附时间等因素对吸附率的影响，确定出最佳吸附条件。结果表明，沙钢高炉粉 尘对铜离子的最佳吸附条件：pH 为 5。2，吸附温度为 25℃，吸附时间为 6 小时， 吸附率为 46%。天工电炉粉尘对铜离子的最佳吸附条件：pH 为 5。2，吸附温度为 40℃，吸附时间为 7 小时，吸附率为 84%。最后，粉尘对从等温模型和动力学角 度来分析吸附过程，探讨出冶金粉尘作为吸附剂的效果。84439

毕业论文关键词：粉尘；吸附；铜离子；动力学；等温模型

Abstract With the rapid development of the progress of urbanization, the natural environment was severely damaged, heavy metal pollution because of its destructive, universality has been the subject of the public's attention, people are constantly looking for efficient, environmental protection, economic approach。 Copper has been widely used in many fields, but it is also a common heavy metal in sewage, and its excessive discharge has caused great harm to animals and plants。 At present, the adsorption method, as an effective method to deal with heavy metals, has a great deal of research prospects。 The Shagang blast furnace dust and electric arc furnace dust as adsorbent study its adsorption properties for Cu 2+, explore the solution pH,  copper ion initial concentration, adsorption temperature, adsorption time and other factors influence on the adsorption rate, the optimum adsorption conditions determined。 The results showed that the Sha Steel blast furnace dust of copper ion optimum adsorption conditions: pH 5。2, adsorption temperature of 25 , adsorption time is 6 hours, the adsorption rate was 46%。 The optimal adsorption condition of the copper ion in the electric furnace dust was 5。2, the adsorption temperature was 40, the adsorption time was 7, and the adsorption rate was 84%。 Finally, dust is analyzed from thermodynamics and dynamics to analyze the adsorption process, and the effect of metallurgical dust is discussed。

Key words: Dust; adsorption; copper ion; kinetics; thermodynamics

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1  国内水资源现状 1

1。1。1 重金属离子污染来源与危害 1

1。1。2 重金属离子处理方法 3

1。2  冶金粉尘的来源与危害 6

1。2。1 粉尘处理现状 7

1。3  本课题的研究意义和主要内容 7

第二章 实验方法及内容 9

2。1  实验仪器与药品 9

2。1。1 实验仪器 9

2。1。2 实验药品 9

2。2  实验方法 9

2。2。1 溶液的配制 9

2。2。2 铜离子吸附 10

2。3  溶液中铜离子测定方法 10