摘要本实验采用活化剂氯化锌活化并高温碳化的方法制备栗壳吸附质。该实验从三个方面考察了制备的影响因素，分别是炭化温度、活化剂的质量分数、碳化恒温时间三个因素。正交实验结果表明，用氯化锌作为活化剂时；在氯化锌质量分数为20%、炭化温度为600℃、炭化90min的条件下，投加量为0。8mg/L的制备吸附剂对铜离子的吸附率可达到91。7%。在此条件下制得的栗子壳活性炭的BET比表面积达到了443。87m2/g。86261

实验同时考察了制备的吸附剂对重金属铜离子溶液的吸附过程的影响因素。实验显示，温度在30℃，pH为6，吸附时间为60min，铜离子溶液的初始浓度为20mg/L的条件下，投加量为1g/L栗壳吸附剂对的铜离子溶液的吸附率达88。8%。实验还表明，栗壳活性炭对水中重金属铜离子的吸附符合二级吸附动力学模型，动力学方程为 ，相关系数R2=0。9725；同时吸附过程符合朗缪尔等温吸附模型，当溶液的温度为30℃时，Langmuir吸附等温线为，相关系数R2=0。9862。

毕业论文关键词：栗壳；活化；炭化；吸附；重金属

Abstract    In this experiment, chestnut shell adsorbate was prepared by adopting the ZnCl2 activation and high temperature carbonization method。 The experiment examines the influencing factors in the preparation from three aspects, which are carbonization temperature, activation agent mass fraction and carbonization time respectively。 Orthogonal experiment results show that when using ZnCl2 as activating agent, the adsorption rate of the prepared adsorbent to the copper ion can reach 91。3% in the dosage of 0。8mg/L in the condition that mass fraction of ZnCl2 was 20%, he carbonization temperature was 20% and the carbonization time was 90 minutes。 Chestnut shell activated carbon's BET specific surface area is 443。87 m2/g。

The experiment also investigated the influencing factors of preparation of adsorbent of heavy metal ions adsorption process。 It shows that when the temperature was 30℃, adsorption time was 60min and the initial concentration of copper ion solution 20mg / L, the adsorption rate of the copper ion solution with the addition amount of 1g/L chestnut shell adsorbent was 88。8%。It also shows that the adsorption of heavy metal ions in water by chestnut shell activated carbon is order to conform to the two stage adsorption kinetic model, dynamic equation for 。 The kinetic equation was that the correlation coefficient was 0。9725。 At the same time, the adsorption process was in accord with the Langmuir isotherm model。 When the temperature of the solution was 30, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm was 。Its correlation coefficient was 0。9862。

Keywords:  chestnut shell; activation; carbonization; adsorption; heavy metal

目 录

第一章  绪论 1

1。1重金属废水的现状与来源 1

1。2重金属废水的污染特性与危害 1

1。2。1重金属废水的污染特性 1

1。2。2含重金属的废水的危害 1

1。3重金属废水的处理方法 3

1。4 生物质活性炭在环保方面的应用 3

1。4。1生物质碳纤维 4

1。4。2生物质活性炭的制备方法 4

1。4。3吸附机理和类型 6

1。4。4吸附的影响因素 6

1。5栗子壳的基本组成和栗子壳活性炭的制备方法 7

1。6研究内容与技术路线