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摘要：酚醛树脂(PF)是最早工业化的合成树脂，由于它原料来源丰富，价格低廉，生产工艺简单，以及树脂固化后性能能够满足许多使用要求，具有力学性能好，制品尺寸稳定性佳、耐热性高、电绝缘性能优良、残炭率高、发烟少等特点，在汽车、电气、电子、钢铁和住宅等相关产业中得到非常广泛的应用。
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硅溶胶是二氧化硅微粒在水中均匀扩散形成的胶体溶液，对介质的pH环境非常敏感，容易凝胶或团聚。直接引入水性的硅溶胶到聚合物基体中可以改善其在聚合物基体中的分布，提升材料的性能。硅溶胶加入酚醛树脂乳液中能提高其热稳定性以及粘结强度，实验结果表明：硅溶胶可提高酚醛树脂的热分解温度、减缓其热分解速度、提高残碳率，含硅溶胶15%的酚醛树脂残碳率为55%，250℃时，硅溶胶酚醛树脂复合乳液的耐高温性能最好。4783
关键词： 硅溶胶；酚醛树脂；力学性能；耐高温
Study of modified phenolic resin
Abstract: Phenolic resin (PF) is the first industrialized synthetic resin, Due to its rich raw material sources, low price, simple technology, and after curing resin’s properties can satisfy many use requirements and with better properties of mechanical properties, dimensional stability, high heat resistance, fine electric insulation performance, high carbon residue rate smoke less and so on. It’s obtained the extremely widespread application in automobile, electric, electron, steel, residence and other related industries.
Silica sol is silicon dioxide particles evenly distributed in the water to form colloidal solution, The pH of the medium environment is very sensitive. Easy to gel or reunion, Direct introduction of water-based silica sol into the polymer matrix could improve its distribution in polymer matrix; improve the performance of the material.Silica sol in phenolic resin emulsion can improve its thermostability and bonding strength, The experimental result indicates that silica sol can improve the thermal decomposition temperature of the phenolic resin, reducing the speed of its thermal decomposition, increase the rate of carbon residue, phenolic resin containing silicon sol 15% carbon residue rate up to 55%,250℃, high temperature resistant performance of colloidal silica phenolic resin composite emulsion is the best.
Keywords: silica sol; phenolic resin; mechanical property; thermostability
目录
1 前言 1
1.1 酚醛树脂的概况 1
1.2 酚醛树脂胶粘剂 1
1.3 酚醛树脂胶粘剂的优缺点 2
1.4 纳米 SiO2改性酚醛树脂的提出及研究目的 3
1.5 有机物改性酚醛树脂 3
1.5.1 植物油改性酚醛树脂 3
1.5.2 合成有机物改性酚醛树脂 4
1.6 无机物改性酚醛树脂 5
1.6.1 硼改性酚醛树脂 5
1.6.2 锆改性酚醛树脂 5
1.6.3 溶胶—凝胶法 5
1.6.4 共混法 6
1.7 硅溶胶 7
2 实验部分 10
2.1 实验原料及仪器设备 10
2.2 硅溶胶-酚醛树脂复合乳液的合成 11
2.2.1 实验配方设计 11
（1） 酚醛树脂生产工艺 11
（2） 酚醛树脂乳液配方 11
2.2.2 酚醛树脂乳液的合成 11
2.2.3硅溶胶-酚醛树脂复合乳液性能测试 12
3 结果与讨论 13
3.1 不同温度下硅溶胶对酚醛树脂乳液剥离强度的影响 13
3.2 热分析 14
3.3 改性酚醛树脂的红外光谱分析 17