摘要:目前,我国的城市废弃生物质资源产量高且资源利用率又低,对其中的有效成分进行转化加工生产生物能源,在缓解资源紧张、能源短缺等方面具有重要的意义。本研究选取物种典型材料,通过研究其理化性质,为其有效利用提供理论基础。93296
树枝和树叶的三种主要成分含量趋势相同,纤维素最高,木质素最低,两者半纤维素含量差异较小,树叶的纤维素高于树枝,但木质素相反;纸的纤维素含量达到了70%;米饭和馒头的淀粉含量很高,米饭的淀粉含量高于馒头,其余材料淀粉含量很少,无机盐、可溶性糖的含量在所有材料中都比较低。树叶的纤维素水解效率最高,树枝的产糖率最低,纸的纤维素水解效率只有7%左右。馒头的淀粉水解效率比米饭高15%左右,单位质量的馒头能提供的可利用单糖略比米饭高为4% 。
毕业论文关键词:生物质、城市废弃物、纤维素、淀粉、可溶性糖
Abstract: Currently,the municipal waste resources in China have high yield and low resource utilization。Coversion of the active inqredient to produce bio energy is of great significance in alleviating the shortage of the resources and energy。In this study, we select the typical material of the species, and provide the theoretical basis for its effective use by studying its physical and chemical properties
Branches and leaves have the same trend of the three main components。The highest is cellullose and the lowest is lignin。The difference of hemicellulose content between them is small。Leaves have morecellulose than branches,but lignin is opposite。The content of cellulose in paper reached 70% and the content of starch in rice and steaned bread is high。Rice has a higher starch content than steamed bread。The starch content in the rest of the material is very low。Thecontent of inorganic salt and souble sugar is low in all materials。The cellulose hydrolysis of leaves is the most efficient。The branches havethe lowest yield of sugar。The paper's cellulose hydrolysis efficiency is only about 7%。The starch hydrolysis of steamed bread is about 15% higher than rice。The unit quality of the steamed bread can be provided with a slightly more than 4% higher than rice。来自优O尔P论R文T网WWw.YoueRw.com 加QQ7520`18766
Keywords:Biomass Municipal waste Cellulose Starch Soluble sugar
目 录
1 绪论 3
1。1 生物质能 3
1。2 生物质组成结构 3
1。3 城市废弃生物质资源现状 5
1。4 资源化利用方式方法 6
1。5 本研究的目的意义 7
2 实验方法 7
2。1 材料收集 7
2。2 生物质成分测定 7
2。3 实验药品与实验仪器 12
3 结果与分析 13
3。1 葡萄糖标准曲线 13
3。2 废弃物组分分析 14
3。3 酶水解产糖效率 16
结论 18
参考文献 19
致谢 20
绪论
目前,全球经济快速发展,导致了人类对各种能源的需求量日益增加,而煤、石油等化石燃料储量有限,不可再生,且燃烧后易释放有害气体严重危害生态环境,引起了温室效应、酸雨以及光化学烟雾等环境污染问题,并不是我们人类能长期依靠的理想能源,生物质能是固定在植物体内的太阳能光合作用形成的,与传统的化石燃料相比,既可再生又有丰富的储备量,利用它也不会污染环境,正逐步成为可替代、可持续的能源之一,在急需开发新能源的当今世界有着十分广阔的应用前景。