摘要：本论文致力于可降解、绿色环保淀粉基原油破乳剂的制备研究。在本课题研究设计了淀粉与丙烯酸酯化、淀粉与丙烯酸的接枝共聚、淀粉与丙烯酰胺的接枝共聚三条表面活性剂的合成与制备路线，并获得了相关的表面活性剂样品；然后在实验室自制原油评价装置上对所获得的表面活性剂进行了原油破乳实验，通过对原油破乳前后的电子显微、接触角、粘度检测，以及原油破乳脱水率的计算，获得了此三种表面活性剂的原油破乳性能。实验结果表明，实验所制备的表面活性剂样品具备了一定的亲水或疏水特性，且对实验用的原油具有了初步的破乳能力，破乳脱水率为22。8%。同时实验结果也表明，本次实验所制备的三种表面活性剂尚需进一步深入研究并尝试应用于生产实践。93992

毕业论文关键词：表面活性剂，淀粉，丙烯酸，原油，破乳剂

Abstrct:This thesis is devoted to the preparation of biodegradable and environment-friendly starch based crude oil demulsifier。 In this paper the design of starch and acrylate, acrylic acid, graft copolymerization of starch and starch and acrylamide graft copolymerization of three surfactant synthesis and preparation route, and obtained the surface active agent related samples; then made evaluation of crude oil was set up on the surface activity of crude oil demulsification experiments obtained agent in the laboratory, by electron microscopy, contact angle, and demulsification of crude oil viscosity detection and calculation of crude oil demulsification and dehydration rate, obtained the three surfactants demulsification performance。 The experimental results show that the surfactant prepared in this experiment has certain hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties, and has a preliminary demulsification capability for the crude oil, and the demulsification dehydration rate is 22。8%。 At the same time, the experimental results also show that the three surfactants prepared in this experiment need to be further studied and tried to be applied in production practice。源C于H优J尔W论R文M网WwW.youeRw.com 原文+QQ752-018766

Keywords:Surface active agent, starch, acrylic acid, crude oil, demulsifier

目   录

1  课题背景及意义 4

1。1引言 4

1。2原油乳化液的形成及其稳定性 4

1。2。1原油乳化液的形成 4

1。2。2原油乳化液的稳定性 5

1。3 原油乳化液的破乳 7

1。3。1原油乳化液的破乳方法 7

1。3。2原油乳化液化学破乳机理 7

1。3。3破乳剂分子结构与性能 8

1。4 本课题的意义及主要内容 8

2 实验部分 9

2。1原油含水率测定 9

2。2 淀粉丙烯酸酯化的来自优I尔Q论T文D网WWw.YoueRw.com 加QQ7520~18766 合成 4

2。2。1试剂及仪器。。。。。。。。。。4

2。2。2淀粉丙烯酸酯的制备 4

2。2。3破乳剂性能检测 4

2。2。4淀粉丙烯酸酯粗产物表征 5

2。2。5结果与讨论 6

2。3 淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚制备破乳剂