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摘要：酰胺键是维持生命不可缺少的，是组成蛋白质如酶的肽键。它是现代化学中最重要的官能团之一，存在于许多天然产物中，并且是现代药物分子中非常重要的组成部分。含有酰胺键的聚合物也有着非常广泛的重要用途。另外，在农业化学品和精细化工产品中，酰胺键一般作为关键的单元结构。由于酰胺键广泛的应用，研究合成酰胺的方法意义重大。在众多合成酰胺键的方法中，羧酸与胺的反应是非常重要的方法，为了避免此反应耗时长、反应条件苛刻、转化率低、纯化困难等缺陷。本文研究出了一种新型的、环境友好的、高效的制备酰胺的方法。采用三苯氧膦作为新型的羧酸偶联剂和催化剂促进酰胺的合成，该反应于氮气保护的环境中搅拌、反应温度是25~110℃、反应时间是0.5~20小时，在有机溶剂存在下，羧酸和胺反应生成相应的酰胺。48690
毕业论文关键词：酰胺键；用途；合成酰胺；催化；三苯氧磷
Triphenylphosphine is used in amide formation from carboxylic acids and amines
Abstract: Amide bond is essential to sustain life, the building blocks of peptide bonds in proteins such as enzymes. It is one of the most important modern chemical functional groups present in many natural products, and it is also one of the most prolific moieties in modern pharmaceutical molecules. Polymers based on the amide linkage are of importance in a wide range of applications. In addition, the amide bond is commonly found as a key structural element in agrochemicals and in products from the fine chemicals industry. Due to the amide bond has very widely applications, it is really important to research the synthesis of amide formation. the amide bond is formed through the condensation of a carboxylic acid and an amine with the release of one equivalent of water is an important method for the synthesis of amides, in order to avoid the problems with time-consuming reaction, harsh reaction conditions, the conversion rate is low, difficult to purify and other defects. This paper developed a new, environmentally friendly, and efficient method for the synthesis of amides. Triphenylphosphine as a new catalyst for the amide formation from carboxylic acids and amines, the reaction was happened in a N2 protected environment, the reaction temperature is 25 to 110 ℃, the reaction time is 0.5 to 20 hours, in the organic solvent.
Keywords: Amide bond; Applications; Synthesis of amide; Catalyzed; Triphenylphosphine
目录
摘要 i
Abstract ii
目录 3
1 绪论 5
1.1 酰胺的合成方法 5
1.1.1 羧酸和胺的缩合反应生成酰胺 5
1.1.2 混合酸酐法 6
1.1.3 缩合试剂法 8
1.1.4 酰卤法 10
1.1.5 酸酐的酰化反应 12
1.1.6 酰基叠氮 12
1.1.7 酯交换为酰胺 13
1.1.8 氰转化为酰胺 13
1.2 小结 14
2