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设计总说明：丙烯酸十八酯的形式多样化，能以单体、均聚物、苯乙烯、马来酸酐(或酯)等单体的共聚物的形式存在，是工业生产过程中重要的原料。它的用途很多，常用于辐射固化体系中的活性稀释剂和交联剂，也可作为树脂交联剂，塑料、橡胶改性剂。52634
丙烯酸十八酯和它的聚合物也用于胶粘剂、建筑涂料、造纸工业、原油和橡胶制造业中，丙烯酸十八酯聚合物的结构是梳状的，存在很多特殊性，若是它与马来酸酐或者苯乙烯一起共聚后生成共聚物，那么能够明显提高石油类化工品在低温环境下的流动性，由于这个特性它常被用作成品油流改剂和原油降凝剂；若是它与甲基丙烯酸共聚，那么得到的共聚物存在着交联两亲聚合物网络。仅从这两方面就能明显地看出，作为功能性凝胶材料的丙烯酸十八酯在化工行业的发展空间十分开阔。
本设计采用直接酯化法，并以丙烯酸和十八碳醇为原料，将固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2作为催化剂来制备丙烯酸十八酯。固体超强酸作为当今社会新型催化剂的一种，具有催化活性高，选择性好，容易与产品分离，酸污染小和可再生利用等优点，因此通过此种催化剂所生产出的丙烯酸十八酯不仅质量好,酯化率高，而且反应结束后的处理过程也较简单。
这次设计分为两部分，分别是工艺部分和非工艺部分。工艺部分是指在年产6000吨丙烯酸十八酯的条件下下，进行相应的物料衡算和热量衡算，并在此基础上进行设备选型及计算。非工艺说明部分包括技术经济分析，工艺流程图、设备布置图，带控制点的图、劳动制度以及安全措施等。关键词： 丙烯酸十八酯；固体超强酸；丙烯酸；十八醇；直接酯化法
An annual output of 6000 tons of octadecylacrylate production workshop
Abstract:Octadecylacrylate which is an important raw meterial regardless of the monomer , homopolymer or copolymer of styrene, maleic anhydride , or ester monomer is widely used as plasticizers, adhesives , fiber processing agent , paper coating agent , refined oil flow change agents and crude oil pour point depressant.
Its ester polymer has been used widely in adhesives,paint,fiber,processing,
paper making, oil,rubber and plastics industry. The comb-like structure of the polymer has many special features, such as its maleic anhydride or styrene copolymer can improve the cold flow of the oil products significantly,which has been used for refined oil flow change agent and oil depressant. Its methyl acrylate copolymer- two pro-crosslinked polymer network as a functional materials show broad application.
The design used acrylic acid and octadecyl as raw materials,solid superacid SO42-/TiO2 made by ourshelves as catalyst,has the advantages of high catalytic activity, selectivity, and the easy separation of products, little acid pollution and the use of renewable.The production of octadecylacrylate has good quality, high yield as well as the simple handling after the reaction.
The design process is pided into narrative and non-narrative process.
Thecnology refers to the part that under the scale of annual output of 6000 tons of acrylic acid ester of octadecylacylate,the material calculation and calculation
of heat,and on this basis for selection of equipment and computing.Non-narr-
ative process including technical and economic analysis,plan layout and facade layout of the plant, labor system and and safety precautions.
Keywords: octadecylacrylate;solid superacid;acrylic acid;octadecanol
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 概论 1
1.2 生产工艺的选择 1
1.2.1 酯交换法