摘 要：通过乙二醇原位还原氯铂酸，将生成纳米铂颗粒与活性炭原位复合，形成活性炭/铂（AC/Pt）；并将AC/Pt加入苯胺的硫酸溶液中，利用纳米铂催化苯胺聚合，得到活性炭/铂/聚苯胺复合材料（AC/Pt/PAN）。采用红外光谱和扫描电镜－能谱对产物进行表征，结果表明复合材料中铂存在于活性炭的孔隙中，聚苯胺附着在活性炭的孔隙中。采用循环伏安、恒电流充放电和交流阻抗测试方法对其电化学性能进行了测试。电化学测试表明，AC/Pt/PAN电极在1mol· L–1的H2SO4电解液中，-0.2~0.8V电位范围内，表现出良好的电容性能，CV曲线中存在明显的氧化还原峰；根据1A/g充放电性能测试发现，AC/Pt/PAN的比容量为129.4F/g，优于AC的100.8F/g，但与Pt/PAN的223.6F/g还存在较大差距。但通过对AC/Pt/PAN 50次恒电流充放电后，发现比容量保留率为95.55%，较聚苯胺电极的循环寿命，有明显提升，AC/Pt/PAN电极具有良好的电容性能，但为了进一步提高其比容量，仍需进一步实验，探究活性炭与聚苯胺的最佳比例。59824

毕业论文关键词：超级电容器，聚苯胺，活性炭，纳米铂

Abstract：Platinum nanoparticles were generated into the texture of activated carbon (AC) to achieve AC/Pt composite by in situ reduction of chloroplatinic acid using ethylene glycol as the reducing agent. Then, adding AC/Pt to aniline sulfate solution to catalyze the polymerization of polyaniline by nano platinum. And in the end, the AC/Pt/PAN composite material was obtained. The products were characterized by FT-IR and SEM, and the results showed that Pt was found in the pores of activated carbon and polyaniline was attached to the activated carbon pores. Besides, the electrochemical performance of AC/Pt/PAN was tested by cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge discharge and AC impedance measurement. Electrochemical test shows that AC/Pt/PAN electrode showed good capacitance performance in 1mol/L H2SO4 electrolyte and scanning in the potential range of -0.2~0.8V. The oxidation reduction peaks were obviously found in CV curves. According the charge and discharge performance test under 1A/g current density, we found that the specific capacity of AC/Pt/PAN’s reach to 129.4F/g, which is better than that of AC 100.8F/g, but less than that of Pt/PAN 223.6F/g. But after 50 times constant current charge discharge, it was found that the capacity of AC/Pt/PAN retention rate maintained at 95.55%, indicating the cycle life was improved significantly comparing to that of polyaniline electrode. These results proved that the AC/Pt/PAN electrode has good capacitance performance and cycle life. In order to further improve its specific capacity, deep experiments should be concentrated on it to explore the best proportion of carbon and polyaniline.

Keywords： Super capacitor, Polyaniline, Activated carbon, Nano platinum

目   录

1  前言 4

1.1  超级电容器简介 4

1.2  电极材料的复合 4

2.  实验部分 4

2.1  实验材料及设备 5

2.1.1  实验材料 5

2.1.2  实验设备 5

2.2  电极材料的制备 5

2.2.1  活性炭的处理 5

2.2.2  苯胺的处理 5

2.2.3  活性炭复合纳米铂的制备 5

2.2.4  纳米铂催化苯胺聚合 5

2.2.5  反应流程图