摘要:把柠檬酸，乙酸酐，乙酸混合在一起在一定条件下制得柠檬酸酐, 随后与俗名的OP-10进行酯化合成柠檬酸酯, 最后和乙二醇胺在一定条件下反应得到柠檬酸酯酰胺，制备出的水基切削液添加剂同时具备防锈和润滑性质。此反应酯化最佳条件：柠檬酸酐与壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚反应物的物质的量之比为1.0∶1.2 , 酯化过程温度控制在90℃左右,最适宜的酯化时间在3小时；最终酰胺化的反应条件：柠檬酸酯与醇胺的摩尔质量比在1∶1.5, 温度控制在140℃ , 酰胺化时间在4小时。利用红外光谱仪对反应物，中间产物以及最终产物进行测定，并在四球试验机上，测定了产物添加到基础油中后的摩擦磨损性能以及产物不同的添加量对这些性能的影响进行了考察，最终找出最适宜反应条件和合成路线。61975

毕业论文关键词：壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚；防锈润滑添加剂；红外光谱法；柠檬酸酰胺；水基切削液；摩擦性能

Synthesis and Characteristics of Citric Acid Mono Polyethyleneoxide Nonyl Phenyl Ether Amber Diehylene Glycoldinitrate Diglycollic Amide

Abstract： The citric acid polyethyleneoxide ether amber diehylene glycol dinitrate diglycollic amide was synthesizedby using citric acide , polyethyleneoxide ether amber diehylene glycol and diethanolamine  as the materials。The product was a kind of additive in water soluble cutting fluid,  and it had anti-rust and lubricant double functions.The esterification conditions were that anhydride :OP was 1.0∶1.2(mole ratio), reaction temperature was 90 ℃, reaction time was 3h.The amidate conditions were that citric acid polyethyleneoxide monoether : diethanolamine was 1.0∶1.5, reaction temperature was  140 ℃, reaction time was  4h.The constructs of raw materials, intermediates and products were characterized by IR。At the same time ,Using the infrared spectrometer product, and in the ring - pieces type friction and wear tester and four ball, determinate of product added to base oil and the friction and wear properties after the addition of product on these properties were investigated; Finally, the optimum synthesis process conditions were obtained。

Key words：Nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether ； Anti -rust lubricant additive ；

FTIR；Citric acid nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether acetate ethylene glycol amide；Water base cutting fluid; friction property

目 录

绪论 1

1 文献综述 2

1.1 表面活性剂的研究背景 2

1.2 表面活性剂的结构特点 2

1.3 表面活性剂的种类分类 2

1.3.1 阳离子表面活性剂 2

1.3.2 两性表面活性剂 3

1.3.3 非离子表面活性剂 3

1.3.4 阴离子表面活性剂 3

1.4 润滑、润滑剂及切削液添加剂的发展和研究 4

1.4.1 润滑的概念与分类 4

1.4.2 水基润滑剂 4

1.5 切削液及添加剂的研究 5

1.5.1 切削液的作用 5

1.5.2 切削液的发展现状 6

1.5.3 水基切削液添加剂的发展方向 7

1.6 论文的研究内容和创新点 7

1.6.1 研究内容 7

1.6.2 课题的创新点